Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Electroneuromyographic studies of pain sensitivity

  • Published:
Neurophysiology Aims and scope

We analyze the published information on the techniques of studies of pain sensitivity using objective electroneuromyographic approaches and the results of these studies. In particular, we describe works where the H reflex, nociceptive flexor and blinking reflexes, and exteroceptive suppression of voluntary muscle activity were examined. Some aspects of using somatosensory evoked potentials in the studies of pain phenomena are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. G. N. Kassil’, The Science of Pain [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  2. L. V. Kalyuzhyi, Physiological Mechanisms of Regulation of Pain Sensitivity [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  3. E. O. Bragin, Neurochemical Mechanisms of Regulation of Pain Sensitivity [in Russian], Publ. House of the Friendship University, Moscow (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  4. V. A. Michailovich and Yu. D. Ignatov, The Pain Syndrome [in Russian], Meditsina, Leningrad (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. M. Vein and M. Ya. Avroutskii, Pain and Anesthesia [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  6. V. M. Ol’khov, S. Ya. Voloshchouk, A. G. Korchinskii, and V. Ya. Voloshchouk, “Combined neurosurgical treatment of patients with tumor of the posterior skull dimple,” Ukr. Neirokhir. Zh., 162–163 (2001).

  7. A. M. Vein, Pain Syndromes in Neurological Practice [in Russian], MEDpress, Moscow (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. Yu. Kataev and A. V. Babayants, “Principles of anesthesia within the postsurgery period,” Russ. Med. Zh., 12, No. 7, 479–483 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. Olesen and J. Schoenen, “Tension-type headache, pathophysiology: synthesis,” in: The Headaches, J. Olesen, P. Tfelt-Hansen, and K. M. A. Welch (eds.), Raven Press, New York (1993), pp. 493–496.

    Google Scholar 

  10. R. Jensen and J. Olesen, Initiating mechanisms of experimentally induced tension-type headache,” Cephalalgia, 16, No. 3, 175–182 (1996).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. A. B. Danilov, Al. B. Danilov, and A.M. Vein,“Exteroceptive suppression of voluntary muscle activity: A novel approach in studies of the central nociceptive mechanisms,” Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 3, 90–94 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. B. Danilov, Al. B. Danilov, and A. M. Vein, “Nociceptive flexor reflex: A technique for the studies of the cerebral mechanisms of pain (a review),” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 1, 107–112 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  13. J. C. Willer, “Nociceptive flexion reflexes as a tool for pain research in man,” Adv. Neurol., 39, 809–827 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. A. A. Yakupova, M. F. Ismagilov, and R. A. Yakupov, “Investigation of the blink reflex in tension type headache,” in: The 3rd European Headache Conference: Abstracts, Sardinia (1996), p. 56.

  15. A. A. Yakupova, M. F. Ismagilov, and R. A. Yakupov, “Somatosensory evoked potentials of the brain in episodic tension-type headache,” in: Cephalalgia. The 8th Congress of the International Headache Society: Abstracts, Amsterdam (1997), p. 276.

  16. S. G. Nikolayev, Practical Manual for Clinical Electromyography [in Russian], Ivanovo State Med. Acad., Ivanovo (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  17. A. I. Kostuykov, Dynamic Properties of the Motor System in Mammals [in Russian], Tov. FADA Ltd., Kyiv (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  18. V. P. Novikova, “Possibilities and limits of the technique of studying the H reflex in the diagnostics of diseases of the nervous system,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 12, 1804–1810 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  19. L. O. Badalyan and I. A. Skvortsov, Clinical Electromyography: A Manual for Physicians [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  20. L. R. Zenkov and M. A. Ronkin, Functional Diagnostics of Neurological Diseases [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  21. P. J. Delwaide, J. L. Pepin, and G. Rapisarda, “Spinal reflex studies enable one to analyze supraspinal dysfunctions,” Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 50, 373–376 (1999).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. P. Hoffmann, “Uber die beziehungen der sehnenreflex zur willktirlichen bewcgung und zum tonus,” Z. Biol., 68, 35l (1918).

    Google Scholar 

  23. J. W. Magladery, W. E. Porter, A. M. Park, and R. D. Teasdall, “The two neurons reflex and identification of certain action potentials from spinal roots and cord,” Johns Hopk. Hosp. Bull., 88, No. 3, 499–519 (1951).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. J. W. Magladery and D. B. McDougal, “Electrophysiological studies of nerve and reflex activity in normal man. I. Identification of certain reflexes in the electromyogram and the conduction velocity of peripheral nerve fibers,” Johns Hopk. Hosp. Bull., 86, No. 5, 265–290 (1950).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. J. W. Magladery, R. D. Teasdall, A. M. Park, and H. W. Languth, “Electrophysiological studies of reflex activity in patients with lesions of the nervous system. I. A comparison of spinal motoneuron excitability following afferent nerve volleys in normal persons and patients with upper motor neuron lesions,” Johns Hopk. Hosp. Bull., 91, No. 4, 217–219 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  26. Î. Z. Mel’nikova, “Effects of cooling and heating of the hand on reciprocal Ia inhibition of the forearm flexor muscles in humans,” Fiziol. Zh., 46, No. 5, 19–23 (2000).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. P. J. Delwaide and P. Crenna, “Cutaneous nerve stimulation and motoneuronal excitability: II. Evidence for nonsegmental influences,” J. Neurol. Neurosurg., Psychiat., 47, No. 2, 190–196 (1984).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. V. N. Komantsev and V. A. Zabolotnykh, Methodical Basis of Clinical Electromyography [in Russian], Lan’, Saint Petersburg (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  29. H. Taborikowa and D. S. Sax, “Motoneuron pool and the H-reflex,” J. Neurol., Neurosurg., Psychiat., 31, No. 4, 354–361 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  30. A. Eisen, M. Hoirch, and A. Moll, “Evaluation of radiculopathies by segmental stimulation and somatosensory evoked potentials,” Can. J. Neurol. Sci., 10, No. 3, 178–182 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. S. T. Baikushev, Z. Kh. Manovich, and V. P. Novikova, Stimulation Electromyography and Electroneurography in Clinics of Neurological Diseases [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  32. A. Van Boxtel, “Differential effects of low-frequency depression, vibration-inhibition and post-tetanic potentiating on H-reflex and tendon jerks in the human soleus muscle,” J. Neurophysiol., 55, No. 3, 551–568 (1986).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. A. N. Brazhnikov, P. G. Gaft, V. P. Kaperko, et al., “Homosynaptic depression of the monosynaptic spinal reflex in healthy people and patients, suffering from a cerebral stroke,” Neirofiziologiya, 21, No. 4, 555–558 (1989).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. M. K. Floeter and A. F. Kohn, “H-reflexes of different sizes exhibit differential sensitivity to low frequency depression,” Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 105, No. 6, 470–475 (1997).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Y. Kagamihara, A. Hayaslii, Y. Okuma, et al., “Reassessment of H-reflex recovery curve using the double stimulation procedure,” Muscle Nerve, 21, No. 3, 352–360 (1998).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Kh. Starobinets and L. D. Volkova, “Diagnostics of syndromes related to injuries of the nervous system according to the tension/time ratio on the central and motor responses of the shin and foot muscles,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 11, 1642–1648 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  37. V. Ya. Neretin, S. V. Kotov, L. V. Pepina, and T. S. Kamynina, “Clinical/electrophysiological study of the state of the neuromuscular system in patients with diabetes insipidus of types I and II,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., No. 34–38 (1997).

  38. A. Ozge, M. Saracoglu, Y. Gurtekin, et al., “The sensitivity of sympathetic skin responses and standard electrophysiological methods in diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy,” Electromyogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 40, No. 1, 37–43 (2000).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. S. S. Abdulwahab, “Treatment based on H–reflexes testing improves disability status in patients with cervical radiculopathy,” Int. J. Rehab. Res., 22, No. 3, 207–214 (1999).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. S. S. Abdulwahab and M. Sabbahi, “Neck retractions, cervical root decompression, and radicular pain,” J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Then., 30, No. 1, 4–9 (2000).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. F. F. Beloyartsev, Electromyography in Anesthesiology [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  42. R. S. Person, Electromyography in Studies on Humans [in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  43. M. L. Kukoushkin, A. V. Syrovegin, and A. V. Gnezdilov, “Nociceptive reflex reactions of the muscles of the upper limb in humans,” Byul. Éksp. Biol. Med., 126, No. 9, 278–282 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  44. J. B. Dahl, C. Erichsen, A. Fuglsang-Frederiksen, and H. Kehlet, “Pain sensation and nociceptive reflex excitability in surgical patients and human volunteers,” Br. J. Anaesthesia, 69, No. 2, 117–121 (1992).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. M. F. Ismagilov and A. A. Yakupova, “Clinical/ electromyographic characteristics of the tension headache,” Kazan’ Med. Zh., 92, No. 1, 44–46 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  46. D. F. Klushina, “H reflex as an index of pathophysiological reactions to pain,” in: Organization of Medical Assistance for Patients with Pain Syndrome. Proc. of Russ. Sci./Pract. Conference [in Russian],Novosibirsk (1997), pp. 33–50.

  47. P. Ashby and M. Verrier, “Human motoneuron responses to group I volleys blocked presynaptically by vibration,” Brain Res., 184, No. 2, 511–516 (1980).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. J. E. Desmedt and E. Godaux, “The tonic vibration reflex and the vibration paradox in limb and jaw muscles in man,” in: Spinal and Supraspinal Mechanisms of Voluntary Motor Control and Locomotion, Karger, Basel (1980), pp. 215–247.

    Google Scholar 

  49. M. Barrella, R. Toscano, M. Goldoni, and M. Bevilacqua, “Frequency rhythmic electrical modulation system (FREMS) on H-reflex amplitudes in healthy subjects,” Eur. J. Medicophysiol., 43, No. 3, 37–47 (2007).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. C. M. Price and A. D. Pandyan, “Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain,” Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 14, No. 4, 1–30 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  51. V. G. Ninel’, L. V. Suvorov, G. L. Korshunova, and L. P. Sedova, “Estimation of the efficacy of curative electrostimulation of the spinal cord for patients with chronic pain and spastic/pain syndromes in the trunk and extremities according to the dynamics of electroneurographic indices,” in: Organization of Medical Assistance for Patients with Pain Syndromes. Proc. of Russ. Sci./Pract. Conference [in Russian], Novosibirsk (1997), p. 36.

  52. S. Kimura, M. Tanabe, M. Honda, and H. Ono, “Enhanced wind-up of the C-fiber-mediated nociceptive flexor reflex movement following painful diabetic neuropathy in mice,” J. Pharmacol. Sci., 97, No. 2, 195–202 (2005).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. C. D. Mørch, O. K. Andersen, T. Graven-Nielsen, and L. Arendt-Nielsen, “Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes evoked by uniform-temperature laser heat stimulation of large skin areas in humans,” J. Neurosci. Methods, 160, No. 1, 85–92 (2007).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. G. Sandrini, L. Ruiz, M. Capararo, et al., “Effects of dothiepin on nociceptive flexion reflex and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in humans,” Eur. J. Pharmacol., 243, No. 1, 99–102 (1993).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. J. C. Willer and D. Albe-Fessard, “Further studies on the role of afferent input from relatively large diameter fibers in transmission of nociceptive messages in humans,” Brain Res., 278, Nos. 1/2, 318–321 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. J. C. Wilier and N. Bathien, “Pharmacological modulations on the nociceptive flexion reflex in man,” Pain, 3, No. 2, 111–119 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  57. E. Kugelberg, K. Eklund, and L. Grimby, “An electromyographic study of the nociceptive reflexes of the lower limb mechanism of the plantar responses,” Brain, 83, No. 2, 394–410 (1960).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. R. Dowman, “Spinal and supraspinal correlates of nociception in man,” Pain, 45, No. 2, 269–281 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. À. P. Gokin, Ì. V. Karpukhina, and Yu. P. Limanskii, “Influence of stimulation of the central gray matter on low- and high-threshold startle reflexes,” Neirofiziologiya, 21, No. 1, 71–78 (1989).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. C. R. France and S. Suchowiecki, “A comparison of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in men and women,” Pain, 81, No. 2, 77–84 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. C. Tassorelli, G. Sandrini, A. P. Cecchini, et al., “Changes in nociceptive flexion reflex threshold across the menstrual cycle in healthy women,” Psychosom. Med., 64, No. 4, 621–626 (2002).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. L. Arendt-Nielsen, J. Brennum, S. Sindrup, and P. Bak, “Electrophysiological and psychophysical quantification of temporal summation in the human nociceptive system,”Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 68, No. 3, 266–273 (1994).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. G. Sandrini, F. Antonaci, S. Lanfranchi, et al., “Asymmetrical reduction of the nociceptive flexion reflex threshold in cluster headache,” Cephalalgia, 20, No. 7, 647–652 (2000).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. N. Danziger, E. Fourmer, D. Bouhassira, et al., “Different strategies of modulation can be operative during hypnotic analgesia: a neurophysiological study,” Pain, 75, No. l, 85–92 (1998).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. M. Langemark, F. W. Bach, T. S. Jensen, and J. Olesen, “Decreased nociceptive flexion reflex threshold in chronic tension-type headache,” Arch. Neurol., 50, No. 10, 1061–1423 (1993).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. J. A. Desmeules, C. Cedraschi, E. Rapiti, et al., “Neurophysiologic evidence for a central sensitization in patients with fibromyalgia,” Arthritis Rheum., 48, No. 5, 1420–1429 (2003).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. F. Antonaci, G. Sandrini, A. Danilov, and T. Sand, “Neurophysiological studies in chronic paroxysmal hemicrania and hemicrania continua,” Headache, 34, No. 8, 479–483 (1994).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. N. V. Latysheva and E. G. Filatova, “Efficiency of venlafaxine with respect to chronic everyday headache,” Lechenie Nerv. Boleznei, 9, No. 1 (23), 26–32 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  69. M. Inoue, T. Kawashima, H. Takeshima, et al., “In vivo pain-inhibitory role of nociceptin/orphanin FQ in spinal cord,” J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 305, No. 2, 495–501 (2003).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. J. C. Willer, F. Boureau, and D. Albe-Fessard, “Supraspinal influences on nociceptive flexion reflex and pain sensation in man,” Brain Res., 179, 61–68 (1979).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. J. C. Willer, H. Dehen, and J. Cambier, “Study of pain thresholds by recording flexor reflexes in thalamic syndromes,” Rev. Neurol., 142, No. 4, 303–337 (1986).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Z. Wiesenfeld-Hallin, X. J. Xu, J. Hughes, et al., “Studies on the effect of systemic PD134308 (CAM 958) in spinal reflex and pain models with special reference to interaction with morphine and intrathecal galanin,” Neuropeptides, 19, Suppl. l, 79–84 (1991).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Z. H. Zhang, S. W. Yang, J. Y. Chen, et al., “Interaction of serotonin and norepinephrine in spinal antinociception,” Brain Res. Bull., 38, No. 2, 167–171 (1995).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. F. Guinmand, X. Dupont, L. Brasseur, et al., “The effects of ketamine on the temporal summation (wind-up) of the RIII nociceptive reflex and pain in humans,” Anesth. Analg., 90, 408–414 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  75. R. Guieu, O. Bun, J. Pouget, and G. Serratnce, “Analgesic effect of indomethacin shown using the nociceptive flexion reflex in humans,” Ann. Rheum. Dis., 51, 391–393 (1992).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. L. Garcia-Larrea, M. Sindou, and F. Mauguire, “Clinical use of nociceptive flexion reflex recording in the evaluation of functional neurosurgical procedures,” Acta Neurochir., 46, Suppl. 1, 53–57 (1989).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. L. Plaghki, D. Bragard, D. Le Bars, et al., “Facilitation of a nociceptive flexion reflex in man by non-noxious laser radiant heat produced by a laser,” J. Neurophysiol., 79, No. 5, 2557–2567 (1998).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. C. Ertekin and D. Akçali, “Effect of continuous vibration on nociceptive flexor reflexes,” J. Neurol., Neurosurg., Psychiat., 41, No. 6, 532–537 (1978).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. H. Cowan and J. Broumlik, Manual for Electromyography and Electrodiagnostics [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  80. C. S. Sherrington, “Reflexes elicitable in the cat from pinna vibrissae and jaws,” J. Physiol., 51, No. 6, 404–431 (1917).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. H. Laugier and H. Cardot, “La reflexe linguo-maxillaire,” Comp. Rend. Soc. Biol., 86, 529 (1922).

    Google Scholar 

  82. J. Schoenen, “Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity: methodological and physiological aspects,” Cephalalgia, 13, Issue 1, 3–10 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  83. O. Komiyama, K. Wang, P. Svensson, et al., “Gender difference in masseteric exteroceptive suppression period and pain perception,” Clin. Neurophysiol., 116, No. 11, 2599–2605 (2005).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. E. Godaux and J. E. Desmedt, “Exteroceptive suppression and motor control of the masseter and temporalis muscles in normal man,” Brain Res., 85, No. 3, 447–458 (1975).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. B. W. Ongerboer de Visser, “Anatomical and functional organization of reflexes involving the trigeminal system in man: jaw reflex, blink reflex, corneal reflex, and exteroceptive suppression,” Adv. Neurol., 39, 727–738 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. H. C. Karkazis and A. E. Kossioni, “Normal side-to-side variation of the exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle in young dentate adults,” J. Oral. Rehabil., 26, No. 12, 944–951 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. M. L. Kukushkin, A. V. Syrovegin, A. V. Gnezdilov, et al., “Heterotopic nociceptive EMG-reactions in m. masseter,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., 135, No. 1, 19–22 (2003).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. A. Biasiotta, A. Peddireddy, K. Wang, et al., “Effect of pinching-evoked pain on jaw-stretch reflexes and exteroceptive suppression periods in healthy subjects,” Clin. Neurophysiol., 118, No. 10, 2180–2188 (2007).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. C. Tataroglu, A. Kanik, G. Sahin, et al., “Exteroceptive suppression patterns of masseter and temporalis muscles in central and peripheral headache disorders,” Cephalalgia, 22, No. 6, 444–452 (2002).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. O. Hansen, P. Svensson, L. Arendt-Nielsen, and T. S. Jensen, “Relation between perceived stimulus intensity and exteroceptive reflex responses in the human masseter muscles,” Clin. Neurophysiol., 110, 1290–1296 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. K. S. Turker, “Exteroceptive suppression of the jaw closing muscle electromyogram: Methodological issues applicable to all human reflex studies,” Clin. Neurophysiol., 118, No. 5, 951–953 (2007).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. W. Paulus, O. Raubüchl, A. Straube, and J. Schoenen, “Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity in various types of headache,” Headache, 32, No. 1, 41–44 (1992).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. J. Schoenen, B. Agr, B. A. Jamart, et al., “Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity in chronic headache,” Neurology, 37, 18–34 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  94. T. M. Wallasch, “Drug-induced headache,” Fortschr. Neurol. Psychiat., 60, No. 3, 114–118 (1992).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. H. Göbel and M. Dworschak, “Exteroceptive suppression of activity of the temporal muscle. Principles and applications,” Der. Nervenarzt., 67, No. 10, 846–859 (1996).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. F. Ebinger, “Exteroceptive suppression of masseter muscle activity in juvenile migraineurs,” Cephalalgia, 26, No. 6, 722–730 (2006).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. K. Nakashima and K. Takahashi, “Exteroceptive suppression of the masseter and temporalis muscles and parkinsonian rigidity,” J. Psychiat.. Neurol., 45, No. 4, 865–871 (1991).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. J. Schoenen, “Exteroceptive suppression of temporalis muscle activity in patients with chronic headache and in normal volunteers: methodology, clinical and pathophysiological relevance,” Headache, 33, No. 1, 3–17 (1993).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. T. M. Wallasch, “A study on the exteroceptive suppression of the masseter, temporalis and trapezius muscles produced by mental nerve stimulation in patients with chronic headaches,” Cephalalgia, 11, No. 3, 162–163 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. L. Bendtsen, R. Jensen, and J. Olesen, “Qualitatively altered nociception in chronic myofascial pain,” Pain, 65, Nos. 2/3, 259–264 (1996).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. O. Komiyama, K. Wang, P. Svensson, et al., “Ethnic differences regarding sensory, pain, and reflex responses in the trigeminal region,” Clin. Neurophysiol., 120, No. 2, 384–349 (2009).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. A. Nakashima, T. Katagiri, and M. Tamura, “Crosstalk between Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) signaling in differentiation pathway of C2C12 myoblasts,” J. Biol. Chem., 280, No. 45, 37660–37668 (2005).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. H. Göbel and A. Heinze, “Headache and facial pain in the elderly,” Schmerz, 21, No. 6, 561–569 (2007).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. H. Tokimura, V. Di Lazzaro, Y. Tokimura, et al., “Short latency inhibition of human hand motor cortex by somatosensory input from the hand,” J. Physiol., 523, Part 2, 503–513 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  105. A. Esteban, “A neurophysiological approach to brainstem reflexes. Blink reflex,” Neurophysiol. Clin., 29, No. 1, 7–38 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. G. B. Grouzman, “Electromyographic study of the blinking reflex upon the impairment of the peripheral nervous system,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 74, No. 11, 1649–1653 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  107. E. Kugelberg, “Facial reflexes,” Brain, 75, No. 3, 385–396 (1952).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. A. G. Remnyov, Application of Magnetic Stimulation for Estimation of the Functional State of the Arc of the Blinking Reflex [in Russian], Abstr. of Cand. Thesis, Biol. Sci., Barnaul (1997)

  109. G. Csecsei, “Facial afferent fibers in the Blink reflex of man,” Brain Res., 161, No. 2, 347–354 (1979).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. J. Ellrich, B. Bromm, and H. C. Hopf, “Pain-evoked blink reflex,” Muscle Nerve, 20, 265–270 (1997).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. G. D’Aleo, E. Sessa, P. D’Aleo, et al., “Nociceptive R3 reflex in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients,” Funct. Neurol., 14, No. 1, 43–47 (1999).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. H. Göbel, L. Weigle, P. Kropp, and D. Soyka, “Pain sensitivity and pain reactivity of pericranial muscles in migraine and tension-type headache,” Cephalalgia, 12, Issue 3, 142–151 (1992).

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. J. Schoenen, “Tension-type headache: pathophysiologic evidence for a disturbance of limbic pathways to the brainstem,” Headache, 30, No. 5, 314–316 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  114. G. N. Avakyan and U. F. Abdukhakimova, “Electrophysiological and clinical significance of early and late components of the blinking reflex and their role in diagnostics,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 88, No. 3, 39–43 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  115. K. Nakamura, K. Sakamaki, H. Sizuku, and Y. Koike, “Determining the pathway of the blink reflex through transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the facial nerve over the stylomastoid foramen ORL,” J. Otorhinolaryngol. Relat. Spec., 61, No. 6, 350–354 (1999).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. N. A. Syed, A. Delgado, F. Sandbrink, et al., “Blink reflex recovery in facial weakness: an electrophysiologic study of adaptive changes,” Neurology, 52, No. 4, 834–838 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. M. F. Ismagilov, R. A. Yakupov, and A. A. Yakupova, “Electroneuromyographic study of the blinking reflex of tension headaches,” in: Proc. of VII All-Russian Congress of Neurologists [in Russian], Nizhnii Novgorod (1995), p. 479.

  118. P. M. Lehrer and A. I. Murphy, “Stress reactivity and perception of pain among tension headache sufferers,” Behav. Res. Ther., 29, No. 1, 61–69 (1991).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. G. Sandrini, L. Ruiz, and E. Alfonsi, “Antinociceptive system in primary headache disorders: a neurophysiological approach,” in: Headache and Depression: Serotonin Pathways as a Common Clue, G. Nappi et al. (eds.), Raven Press, New York (1991), pp. 61–78.

    Google Scholar 

  120. L. R. Zenkov and P. V. Mel’nichouk, “Pathogenetic interpretation of changes in somatosensory evoked brain potentials in multiple sclerosis,” Zh. Nevropatol. Psikhiat., 2, 33–39 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  121. V. V. Gnezditskii, Evoked Brain Potentials in Clinical Practice [in Russian], TRTU, Taganrog (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  122. D. V. Davydov and E. S. Mikhailova, “Evoked cerebral activity related to identification of the face expression in the right and left vision semifields,” Fiziol. Cheloveka, 25, Issue 4, 26–35 (1999).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. N. Yu. Aleksandrov, Evoked Potentials in the Diagnostics of Impairments of the Nervous System. Educational Methodical Manual [in Russian], Piter, Saint Petersburg (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  124. L. P. Zenkov and P. V. Mel’nichouk, Central Mechanisms of Afferentation in Humans [in Russian], Meditsina, Moscow (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  125. L. H. Smith and T. W. McKinley, Jr., “Radioprotection by phenylhydrazine: evaluation of stem cell radiosensitivity and potential stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system,” Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 144, No. 1, 130–133 (1973).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. S. M. Osovets, D. A. Ginsbourg, and V. S. Gurfinkel’, “Electrical activity of the brain: Mechanisms and interpretation,” Usp. Fiziol. Nauk, 141, Issue 1, 103–150 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  127. K. Sato, H. Kitajima, K. Mimura, et al., “Cerebral visual evoked potentials in relation to EEG,” Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 30, No. 2, 123–138 (1971).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. H. Holmgren, G. Leijon, J. Boivie, et al., “Central poststroke pain–somatosensory evoked potentials in relation to location of the lesion and sensory signs,” Pain, 40, No. 1, 43–52 (1990).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. M. Yamamoto, T. Kachi, and A. Igata, “Pain-related and electrically stimulated somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with stroke,” Stroke, 26, No. 3, 426–429 (1995).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. R. Dowman, “Effects of operantly conditioning the amplitude of the P200 peak of the SEP on pain sensitivity and the spinal nociceptive withdrawal reflex in humans,” Psychophysiology, 33, No. 3, 252–261 (1996).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. E. V. Yekusheva, M. I. Vendrova, A. B. Danilov, and A. M. Vein, “Contribution of the right and left cerebral hemispheres in the polymorphism and heterogeneity of the pyramidal syndrome,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., No. 3, 8–12 (2004).

  132. B. Rockstroh, T. Elbert, W. Lutzenberger, and N. Birbaumer, “The effects of slow cortical potentials on response speed,” Psychophysiology, 19, No. 2, 211–217 (1982).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. J. C. Arezzo, H. G. Vaughan, and A. D. Legatt, “Topography and intracranial sources of somatosensory evoked potentials in the monkey. II. Cortical components,” Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 51, No. 1, 1–18 (1981).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. J. Zentner and A. Ebner, “Somatosensory and motor evoked potentials in the prognostic assessment of traumatic and non-traumatic comatose patients,” Elektroenzephalogr. Elektromyogr. Verwandte Geb., 19, No. 4, 267–271 (1988).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. J. E. Desmedt, Huy Nguyen Tran, and M. Bourget, “The cognitive P40, N60, and P100 components of somatosensory evoked potentials and the earliest electrical signs of sensory processing in man,” Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., 56, 272–282 (1983).

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. G. A. Ivanichev and E. A. Kuznetsova, “Evoked cerebral potentials within the late residual period of natal cervical trauma,” Korsakov Zh. Nevrol. Psikhiat., 107, No. 4, 49–53 (2007).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. A. V. Ovchinnikov, Somatosensory Evoked Potentials under Conditions of the Myophascial Pain Syndromes [in Russian], Abstr. of Cand. Thesis, Med. Sci., Kazan’ (2000).

  138. E. N. Chuyan and É. R. Dzheldubayeva, Mechanisms of the Antinociceptive Action of Low-Intensity Millimeter-Wave Irradiation [in Russian], DIP, Simferopol’ (2006).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vernadskii Tavricheskii National University, Simferopol’, Autonomic Republic of Crimea, Ukraine

    É. R. Dzheldubayeva, E. N. Chuyan, O. V. Bogdanova & L. A. Strizhak

Authors
  1. É. R. Dzheldubayeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. N. Chuyan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. V. Bogdanova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. L. A. Strizhak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to É. R. Dzheldubayeva, E. N. Chuyan, O. V. Bogdanova or L. A. Strizhak.

Additional information

Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 251-271, May-June, 2009.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dzheldubayeva, É.R., Chuyan, E.N., Bogdanova, O.V. et al. Electroneuromyographic studies of pain sensitivity. Neurophysiology 41, 211–229 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11062-009-9091-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11062-009-9091-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation