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Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM-2) expression and prognostic significance in glioblastoma patients

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Abstract

Purpose

Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible and final step of glycolysis. It is closely associated with cancer development and progression. The relationship between PKM2 and prognosis in glioblastoma (GB) patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to measure PKM2 expression and evaluate its effect on prognosis in GB patients.

Methods

Patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT) for glioblastoma between 2010 and 2021 were evaluated immunohistochemically. A single pathologist evaluated pathology specimens of all patients. The intensity and extent of staining of tumor cells were scored. Patients were categorized as low and high PKM2.

Results

A total of 119 patients were evaluated. While 80.7% of the cases had a low score, 19.3% had a high PKM2 score. It was observed that the group with high PKM2 expression had lower performance, received more hypofractionated RT and received adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) less frequently. Median overall survival (OS) was 15.77 months in the low PKM2 expression group and 6.50 months in the high PKM2 group. In univariate analyses, PKM2 expression, age, performance status, type of surgery, RT scheme, and concurrent and adjuvant CT were prognostic factors in predicting OS. In multivariate analyses, PKM2 expression, type of surgery, RT scheme and receiving adjuvant CT were prognostic factors for OS.

Conclusion

PKM2 is an independent prognostic factor for survival and is associated with poor prognosis in GBM patients treated with radiotherapy. It may be a potential therapeutic target for anticancer therapy.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This project was supported by the Scientific and Research Council of Necmettin Erbakan University, Project Number: 221218006.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Meram Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

    Berrin Benli Yavuz, Gul Kanyilmaz & Meryem Aktan

  2. Department of Pathology, Meram Medical School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

    Fahriye Kilinc

Authors
  1. Berrin Benli Yavuz
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  2. Fahriye Kilinc
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Contributions

Berrin Benli Yavuz: Conceptualization, methodology, data collecting, formal analysis, writing-reviewing.Fahriye Kilinc: Resources, methodology, investigation. Gul Kanyilmaz: Conceptualization, methodology, data collecting, investigation. Meryem Aktan: Conceptualization, methodology, data collecting, investigation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Berrin Benli Yavuz.

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Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of University (2021/3463).

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Written informed consent was obtained from the parents.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interest to disclose.

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Yavuz, B.B., Kilinc, F., Kanyilmaz, G. et al. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM-2) expression and prognostic significance in glioblastoma patients. J Neurooncol 165, 527–533 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-023-04521-1

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