Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A current review of spinal meningiomas: epidemiology, clinical presentation and management

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Neuro-Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To provide an up-to-date review of the epidemiology, histopathology, molecular biology, and etiology of spinal meningiomas, as well as discuss the clinical presentation, clinical evaluation, and most recent treatment recommendations for these lesions.

Methods

PubMed and Google Scholar search was performed for studies related to meningiomas of the spine. The terms “meningioma,” “spinal meningioma,” “spine meningioma,” “meningioma of the spine,” “benign spinal tumors,” and “benign spine tumors,” were used to identify relevant studies. All studies, including primary data papers, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, general reviews, case reports, and clinical trials were considered for review.

Results

Eighty-four studies were identified in the review. There were 22 studies discussing adverse postoperative outcomes, 21 studies discussing tumor genetics, 19 studies discussing epidemiology and current literature, 9 studies discussing radiation modalities and impact on subsequent tumor development, 5 studies on characteristic imaging findings, 5 studies discussing hormone use/receptor status on tumor development, 2 discussing operative techniques and 1 discussing tumor identification.

Conclusion

Investigations into spinal meningiomas generally lag behind that of intracranial meningiomas. Recent advancements in the molecular profiling of spinal meningiomas has expanded our understanding of these tumors, increasing our appreciation for their heterogeneity. Continued investigation into the defining characteristics of different spinal meningiomas will aid in treatment planning and prognostication.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ostrom QT, Cioffi G, Gittleman H et al (2019) CBTRUS Statistical Report: primary brain and other Central Nervous System Tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2012–2016. Neuro Oncol Nov 1(Suppl 5):v1–v100. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lim YS, Kim MK, Park BJ, Kim TS, Lim YJ (2013) Long term clinical outcomes of malignant meningiomas. Brain Tumor Res Treat Oct 1(2):85–90. https://doi.org/10.14791/btrt.2013.1.2.85

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Buerki RA, Horbinski CM, Kruser T, Horowitz PM, James CD, Lukas RV (2018) An overview of meningiomas. Future Oncol Sep 14(21):2161–2177. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2018-0006

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Duong LM, McCarthy BJ, McLendon RE et al (2012) ;118(17):4220-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27390

  5. Helseth A, Mork SJ (1989) Primary intraspinal neoplasms in Norway, 1955 to 1986. A population-based survey of 467 patients. J Neurosurg Dec 71(6):842–845. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.71.6.0842

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hua L, Zhu H, Deng J et al (2018) Clinical and prognostic features of spinal meningioma: a thorough analysis from a single neurosurgical center. J Neurooncol Dec 140(3):639–647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-018-2993-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Westwick HJ, Yuh SJ, Shamji MF (2015) Complication avoidance in the resection of spinal meningiomas. World Neurosurg Apr 83(4):627–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2014.12.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kobayashi K, Ando K, Matsumoto T et al (2021) Clinical features and prognostic factors in spinal meningioma surgery from a multicenter study. Sci Rep Jun 2(1):11630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91225-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kwee LE, Harhangi BS, Ponne GA, Kros JM, Dirven CMF, Dammers R (2020) Spinal meningiomas: treatment outcome and long-term follow-up. Clin Neurol Neurosurg Nov 198:106238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Westwick HJ, Shamji MF (2015) Effects of sex on the incidence and prognosis of spinal meningiomas: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and end results study. J Neurosurg Spine Sep 23(3):368–373. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.12.SPINE14974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kshettry VR, Hsieh JK, Ostrom QT, Kruchko C, Benzel EC, Barnholtz-Sloan JS (1976) Descriptive Epidemiology of Spinal Meningiomas in the United States. Spine (Phila Pa Aug 1 2015;40(15):E886-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0000000000000974

  12. Wu L, Yang C, Liu T, Fang J, Yang J, Xu Y (2017) Clinical features and long-term outcomes of pediatric spinal meningiomas. J Neurooncol Jun 133(2):347–355. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-017-2441-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Wiemels J, Wrensch M, Claus EB (2010) Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma. J Neurooncol Sep 99(3):307–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-010-0386-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ruggeri AG, Fazzolari B, Colistra D, Cappelletti M, Marotta N, Delfini R (2017) Calcified spinal meningiomas. World Neurosurg Jun 102:406–412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.045

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Solero CL, Fornari M, Giombini S et al (1989) Spinal meningiomas: review of 174 operated cases. Neurosurg Aug 25(2):153–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dibas M, Rajab AM, Atiah MJ et al (2020) Racial disparities in the incidence and survival of spinal meningioma. Asian J Neurosurg Oct-Dec 15(4):877–881. https://doi.org/10.4103/ajns.AJNS_306_20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Louis DN, Perry A, Wesseling P et al (2021) The 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Neuro Oncol Aug 2(8):1231–1251. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sandalcioglu IE, Hunold A, Muller O, Bassiouni H, Stolke D, Asgari S (2008) Spinal meningiomas: critical review of 131 surgically treated patients. Eur Spine J Aug 17(8):1035–1041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-008-0685-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Backer-Grondahl T, Moen BH, Torp SH (2012) The histopathological spectrum of human meningiomas. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 5(3):231–242

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Koeller KK, Shih RY (2019) Intradural Extramedullary spinal neoplasms: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics Mar-Apr 39(2):468–490. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2019180200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Setzer M, Vatter H, Marquardt G, Seifert V, Vrionis FD (2007) Management of spinal meningiomas: surgical results and a review of the literature. Neurosurg Focus 23(4):E14. https://doi.org/10.3171/FOC-07/10/E14

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ruzevick J, Gibson A, Tatman P, Emerson S, Ferreira M (2021) Jr. WHO grade III meningioma: De novo tumors show improved progression free survival as compared to secondary progressive tumors. J Clin Neurosci Sep 91:105–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2021.05.060

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Shankar GM, Santagata S (2017) BAP1 mutations in high-grade meningioma: implications for patient care. Neuro Oncol Oct 19(11):1447–1456. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox094

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Shankar GM, Abedalthagafi M, Vaubel RA et al (2017) Germline and somatic BAP1 mutations in high-grade rhabdoid meningiomas. Neuro Oncol Apr 1(4):535–545. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/now235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sahm F, Schrimpf D, Olar A et al (2016) TERT promoter mutations and risk of recurrence in Meningioma. J Natl Cancer Inst May 108(5). https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djv377

  26. Reuss DE, Piro RM, Jones DT et al (2013) Secretory meningiomas are defined by combined KLF4 K409Q and TRAF7 mutations. Acta Neuropathol Mar 125(3):351–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-013-1093-x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Gerkes EH, Fock JM, den Dunnen WF et al (2016) A heritable form of SMARCE1-related meningiomas with important implications for follow-up and family screening. Neurogenetics Apr 17(2):83–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10048-015-0472-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. van den Munckhof P, Christiaans I, Kenter SB, Baas F, Hulsebos TJ (2012) Germline SMARCB1 mutation predisposes to multiple meningiomas and schwannomas with preferential location of cranial meningiomas at the falx cerebri. Neurogenetics Feb 13(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10048-011-0300-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Smith MJ, O’Sullivan J, Bhaskar SS et al (2013) Loss-of-function mutations in SMARCE1 cause an inherited disorder of multiple spinal meningiomas. Nat Genet Mar 45(3):295–298. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Barresi V, Vitarelli E, Tuccari G, Barresi G (2011) MMP-9 expression in meningiomas: a prognostic marker for recurrence risk? J Neurooncol Apr 102(2):189–196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-010-0312-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Sayagues JM, Tabernero MD, Maillo A et al (2006) Microarray-based analysis of spinal versus intracranial meningiomas: different clinical, biological, and genetic characteristics associated with distinct patterns of gene expression. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol May 65(5):445–454. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jnen.0000229234.13372.d8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Evans DG, Huson SM, Donnai D et al (1992) A clinical study of type 2 neurofibromatosis. Q J Med Aug 84(304):603–618

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Mautner VF, Lindenau M, Baser ME et al (1996) The neuroimaging and clinical spectrum of neurofibromatosis 2. Neurosurgery. ;38(5):880-5; discussion 885-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199605000-00004

  34. Parry DM, Eldridge R, Kaiser-Kupfer MI, Bouzas EA, Pikus A, Patronas N (1994) Neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2): clinical characteristics of 63 affected individuals and clinical evidence for heterogeneity. Am J Med Genet Oct 1(4):450–461. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320520411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Pemov A, Dewan R, Hansen NF et al (2020) Comparative clinical and genomic analysis of neurofibromatosis type 2-associated cranial and spinal meningiomas. Sci Rep Jul 28(1):12563. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69074-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Arslantas A, Artan S, Oner U et al (2003) Detection of chromosomal imbalances in spinal meningiomas by comparative genomic hybridization. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Jan 43(1):12–18 discussion 19. https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.43.12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Hua L, Alkhatib M, Podlesek D et al (2022) Two predominant molecular subtypes of spinal meningioma: thoracic NF2-mutant tumors strongly associated with female sex, and cervical AKT1-mutant tumors originating ventral to the spinal cord. Acta Neuropathol Nov 144(5):1053–1055. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02474-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Ricklefs FL, Fita KD, Mohme M et al (2022) Genetic and epigenetic profiling identifies two distinct classes of spinal meningiomas. Acta Neuropathol Nov 144(5):1057–1059. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-022-02504-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Clark VE, Erson-Omay EZ, Serin A et al (2013) Genomic analysis of non-NF2 meningiomas reveals mutations in TRAF7, KLF4, AKT1, and SMO. Sci Mar 1 339(6123):1077–1080. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1233009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Umansky F, Shoshan Y, Rosenthal G, Fraifeld S, Spektor S (2008) Radiation-induced meningioma. Neurosurg Focus 24(5):E7. https://doi.org/10.3171/FOC/2008/24/5/E7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Braganza MZ, Kitahara CM, Berrington de Gonzalez A, Inskip PD, Johnson KJ, Rajaraman P (2012) Ionizing radiation and the risk of brain and central nervous system tumors: a systematic review. Neuro Oncol Nov 14(11):1316–1324. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nos208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Galloway TJ, Indelicato DJ, Amdur RJ, Swanson EL, Morris CG, Marcus RB (2011) Favorable outcomes of pediatric patients treated with radiotherapy to the central nervous system who develop radiation-induced meningiomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys Jan 1(1):117–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.10.045

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Nguyen VN, Khan NR, Arnautovic KI (2021) Microsurgical Resection of Radiation-Induced cervical spinal intradural Extramedullary Meningioma: Dural Splitting Resection. World Neurosurg Nov 155:94–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2021.08.083

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Martin AJ, Hammond CJ, Dobbs HJ, Al-Sarraj S, Thomas NW (2001) Spinal meningioma after treatment for Hodgkin disease. Case report. J Neurosurg Oct 95(2 Suppl):232–235. https://doi.org/10.3171/spi.2001.95.2.0232

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Yamanaka R, Hayano A, Kanayama T (2017) Radiation-Induced Meningiomas: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg. ;97:635–644 e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2016.09.094

  46. Maiuri F, Mariniello G, de Divitiis O et al (2021) Progesterone receptor expression in Meningiomas: pathological and prognostic implications. Front Oncol 11:611218. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.611218

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  47. Roser F, Nakamura M, Bellinzona M, Ritz R, Ostertag H, Tatagiba MS (2006) Proliferation potential of spinal meningiomas. Eur Spine J Feb 15(2):211–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-005-0937-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Portet S, Banor T, Bousquet J et al (2020) New Insights into expression of hormonal receptors by Meningiomas. World Neurosurg Aug 140:e87–e96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Klekamp J, Samii M (1999) Surgical results for spinal meningiomas. Surg Neurol Dec 52(6):552–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-3019(99)00153-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Gezen F, Kahraman S, Canakci Z, Beduk A (1976) Review of 36 cases of spinal cord meningioma. Spine (Phila Pa Mar 15 2000;25(6):727 – 31. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200003150-00013

  51. Gottfried ON, Gluf W, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Kan P, Schmidt MH (2003) Spinal meningiomas: surgical management and outcome. Neurosurg Focus Jun 15(6):e2. https://doi.org/10.3171/foc.2003.14.6.2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Ciftdemir M, Kaya M, Selcuk E, Yalniz E (2016) Tumors of the spine. World J Orthop Feb 18(2):109–116. https://doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Samartzis D, Gillis CC, Shih P, O’Toole JE, Fessler RG (2015) Intramedullary spinal cord tumors: part I-Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnosis. Global Spine J Oct 5(5):425–435. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1549029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Yeo Y, Park C, Lee JW et al (2019) Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of spinal meningioma. Clin Imaging May - Jun 55:100–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2019.02.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Schaller B (2005) Spinal meningioma: relationship between histological subtypes and surgical outcome? J Neurooncol Nov 75(2):157–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-1469-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Anno M, Hara N, Yamazaki T (2018) Arachnoid isolation sign: a predictive imaging feature of spinal meningioma on CT-myelogram. Clin Neurol Neurosurg May 168:124–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.03.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Sohn S, Chung CK (2013) Conventional posterior Approach without far lateral Approach for ventral Foramen Magnum Meningiomas. J Korean Neurosurg Soc Nov 54(5):373–378. https://doi.org/10.3340/jkns.2013.54.5.373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Tsuda K, Akutsu H, Yamamoto T, Nakai K, Ishikawa E, Matsumura A (2014) Is Simpson grade I removal necessary in all cases of spinal meningioma? Assessment of postoperative recurrence during long-term follow-up. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 54(11):907–913. https://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.oa.2013-0311

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Maiuri F, Del Caro B, de Divitiis M, Guadagno O, Mariniello E (2020) Recurrence of spinal meningiomas: analysis of the risk factors. Br J Neurosurg Oct 34(5):569–574. https://doi.org/10.1080/02688697.2019.1638886

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Barber SM, Konakondla S, Nakhla J et al Oncologic benefits of dural resection in spinal meningiomas: a meta-analysis of Simpson grades and recurrence rates.J Neurosurg Spine. Nov8 2019:1–11. doi: https://doi.org/10.3171/2019.8.SPINE19859

  61. Saito T, Arizono T, Maeda T, Terada K, Iwamoto Y (1976) A novel technique for surgical resection of spinal meningioma. Spine (Phila Pa Aug 15 2001;26(16):1805-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200108150-00017

  62. Tominaga H, Kawamura I, Ijiri K, Yone K, Taniguchi N (2021) Surgical results of the resection of spinal meningioma with the inner layer of dura more than 10 years after surgery. Sci Rep Feb 18(1):4050. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83712-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Azad TD, Jiang B, Bettegowda C (May 2019) Molecular foundations of primary spinal tumors-implications for surgical management. Ann Transl Med 7(10):222. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2019.04.46

  64. Yolcu YU, Goyal A, Alvi MA, Moinuddin FM, Bydon M (2019) Trends in the utilization of radiotherapy for spinal meningiomas: insights from the 2004–2015 National Cancer Database. Neurosurg Focus Jun 1(6):E6. https://doi.org/10.3171/2019.3.FOCUS1969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Sun SQ, Cai C, Ravindra VM et al (2015) Simpson Grade I-III resection of spinal atypical (World Health Organization Grade II) Meningiomas is Associated with Symptom Resolution and low recurrence. Neurosurg Jun 76(6):739–746. https://doi.org/10.1227/NEU.0000000000000720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Youngblood MW, Miyagishima DF, Jin L et al (2021) Associations of meningioma molecular subgroup and tumor recurrence. Neuro Oncol May 5(5):783–794. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Gauchotte G, Peyre M, Pouget C et al (2020) Prognostic value of histopathological features and loss of H3K27me3 immunolabeling in anaplastic meningioma: a Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol Jul 1(7):754–762. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlaa038

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Nassiri F, Mamatjan Y, Suppiah S et al (2019) DNA methylation profiling to predict recurrence risk in meningioma: development and validation of a nomogram to optimize clinical management. Neuro Oncol Jul 11(7):901–910. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz061

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. De La Garza-Ramos R, Flores-Rodriguez JV, Martinez-Gutierrez JC, Ruiz-Valls A, Caro-Osorio E (2013) Current standing and frontiers of gene therapy for meningiomas. Neurosurg Focus Dec 35(6):E4. https://doi.org/10.3171/2013.8.FOCUS13305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Ikeda K, Saeki Y, Gonzalez-Agosti C, Ramesh V, Chiocca EA (1999) Inhibition of NF2-negative and NF2-positive primary human meningioma cell proliferation by overexpression of merlin due to vector-mediated gene transfer. J Neurosurg Jul 91(1):85–92. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.91.1.0085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Shu J, Lee JH, Harwalkar JA, Oh-Siskovic S, Stacey DW, Golubic M (1999) Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of dominant negative Ha-Ras inhibits proliferation of primary meningioma cells. Neurosurg Mar 44(3):579–587 discussion 587-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199903000-00080

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Tummalapalli P, Spomar D, Gondi CS et al (2007) RNAi-mediated abrogation of cathepsin B and MMP-9 gene expression in a malignant meningioma cell line leads to decreased tumor growth, invasion and angiogenesis. Int J Oncol Nov 31(5):1039–1050

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA

    Aladine A. Elsamadicy, Benjamin C. Reeves, Samuel Craft, Josiah J. Z. Sherman, Andrew B. Koo, Sumaiya Sayeed, Margot Sarkozy, Luis Kolb & Ehud Mendel

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra, Long Island Jewish Medical Center and North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA

    Sheng-Fu Larry Lo & Daniel M. Sciubba

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    John H. Shin

Authors
  1. Aladine A. Elsamadicy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Benjamin C. Reeves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Samuel Craft
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Josiah J. Z. Sherman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andrew B. Koo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Sumaiya Sayeed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Margot Sarkozy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Luis Kolb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Sheng-Fu Larry Lo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. John H. Shin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Daniel M. Sciubba
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Ehud Mendel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

A.E., B.R., S.C., J.S., A.K., S.S., M.S., wrote the main manuscript text. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aladine A. Elsamadicy.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Elsamadicy, A.A., Reeves, B.C., Craft, S. et al. A current review of spinal meningiomas: epidemiology, clinical presentation and management. J Neurooncol 161, 395–404 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-023-04238-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-023-04238-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation