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Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on two southern forest diseases

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Abstract

Research into the effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) on plant diseases remains limited despite the economic importance of this subject. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seedlings were exposed to ambient and twice ambient levels of atmospheric CO2 prior to inoculation with the fusiform rust fungus (the obligate pathogen Cronartium quercuum f.sp. fusiforme, CQF) or the pitch canker fungus (the facultative pathogen Fusarium circinatum, FC). Additionally, northern red oak seedlings (Quercus rubra; an alternate host of CQF) were exposed to ambient or elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 prior to inoculation with CQF. In all cases, disease incidence (percent of plants infected) and disease severity (proportion of each plant affected) were determined; with the oak seedlings, the latent period (time to sporulation) was also monitored. In general, disease incidence was decreased by exposure to elevated CO2. This exposure also increased the latent period for CQF on oak seedlings. In no instance did exposure to elevated CO2 affect disease severity. This research demonstrated that plants may benefit from exposure to the increasing concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere through decreases in fungal disease incidence.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Contract No. R826259-01, by Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI05-95ER62088 from the U.S. Department of Energy, Environmental Sciences Division, and by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Project No. ALA-60-008. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Energy or the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station. The authors wish to thank Tammy Dorman, Barry Dorman, and Jerry Carrington for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, 411 S. Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA

    G. B. Runion, S. A. Prior & H. H. Rogers

  2. Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center, Newton, GA, 31770, USA

    R. J. Mitchell

Authors
  1. G. B. Runion
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  2. S. A. Prior
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  3. H. H. Rogers
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  4. R. J. Mitchell
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Correspondence to G. B. Runion.

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Runion, G.B., Prior, S.A., Rogers, H.H. et al. Effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on two southern forest diseases. New Forests 39, 275–285 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-009-9170-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-009-9170-7

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