Abstract
The aims of this study were to identify the locations of areas in the human cortex responsible for describing fragmented test images of different degrees of ordering and to identify the areas taking decisions regarding stimuli of this type. The locations of higher visual functions were determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a scanner fitted with a superconducting magnet and a field strength of 1.5 T. The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) method was based on measurements of the level of hemoglobin oxygenation in the blood supplied to the brain. This level was taken to be proportional to the extent of neuron activation in the corresponding part of the gray matter. Stimuli were matrixes consisting of Gabor elements of different orientations. The measure of matrix ordering was the ratio of the number of Gabor elements with identical orientations to the total number of elements in the image. Brain neurons were activated by simultaneous changes in the orientations of all the elements, leading to substitution of one matrix by another. Substitution of the orientation was perceived by observers as rotation of the elements in the matrix. Stimulation by matrixes with a high level of ordering was found to activate the occipital areas of the cortex, V1 and V2 (BA17–BA18), while presentation of matrixes with random element orientations also activated the parietal-temporal cortex, V3, V4, V5 (BA19), and the parietal area (BA7). Brain zones responsible for taking decisions regarding the level of order or chaos in the organization of the stimuli are located in different but close areas of the prefrontal and frontal cortex of the brain, including BA6, BA9, and BA10. The results are assessed in terms of concepts of the roles and interactions of different areas of the human brain during recognition of fragmented images of different degrees of complexity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. D. Glezer, Vision and Thought [in Russian], Nauka, St. Petersburg (1993).
N. N. Krasil’nikov and Yu. E. Shelepin, “A functional model of vision,” Optich. Zh., 64, No. 2, 72–82 (1997).
A. R. Luriya, Basic Neuropsychology [in Russian], Moscow State University Press, Moscow (1973).
G. E. Trufanov, V. A. Fokin, A. V. Sevost’yanov, Yu. E. Shelepin, A. K. Kharauzov, and S. V. Pronin, “Mapping of human brain areas supported higher mental visual and gnostic functions,” in: Polenov Readings [in Russian], Chelovek and Zdorov’e (Man and Health) Press, St. Petersburg (2006).
Yu. E. Shelepin, A. K. Kharauzov, S. V. Pronin, G. E. Trufanov, V. A. Fokin, A. V. Sevost’yanov, and O. A. Vakhrameeva, “Recognition of visual objects and questions of the localization of visual functions,” in: Polenov Readings [in Russian], Chelovek and Zdorov’e (Man and Health) Press, St. Petersburg (2006).
Yu. E. Shelepin, “The relationship between measures of evoked potentials in the cat striate cortex and image size,” Fiziol. Zh. SSSR, 59, No. 5, 688–695 (1973).
Yu. E. Shelepin, “Localization of areas of the cat visual cortex giving invariant responses on changes in image size,” Neirofiziologiya, 5, No. 2, 115–121 (1973).
A. Bechara and A. R. Damasio, “The somatic marker hypothesis: A neural theory of economic decision,” Games Economic Behavior, 52, 336–372 (2005).
A. Damasio, “Category-related recognition defects as a clue to the neural substrates of knowledge,” Trends Neurosci., 13, No. 3, 95–98 (1990).
D. Field, “Match filters, wavelets and the statistics of natural scenes,” J. Opt. Technol., 66, No. 9, 788–796 (1999).
D. J. Field and A. Hayes, “Contour integration and the lateral connections of V1 neurons,” in: The Visual Neurosciences, L. M. Chalupa and J. S. Werner (eds.), MIT Press (2004).
V. Fokin, G. Trufanov, A. Sevostyanov, Y. Shelepin, A. Harauzov, and S. Pronin, “Occipital-parietal interaction in incomplete pattern discrimination,” Perception, 25, Supplement, 18–19 (2006).
P. W. Glimcher, “The neurobiology of visual-saccadic decision making,” Ann. Rev. Neurosci., 26, 133–179 (2003).
H. R. Heerkeren, S. Marrett, P. A. Bandettini, and L. G. Ungerleider, “A general mechanism for perceptual decision-making in the human brain,” Nature, 431, No. 7010, 859–862 (2004).
H. R. Heerkeren, S. Marrett, D. A. Ruff, P. A. Bandettini, and L. G. Ungerleider, “Involvement of human left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in perceptual decision making is independent of response modality,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 103, No. 26, 10023–10028 (2006).
P. Jezzard, P. Matthews, and S. Smith, Functional MRI: an Introduction to Methods, Oxford University Press, Oxford (2005).
N. Kanwisher and J. Duncan, Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Cognition, Oxford University Press, Oxford (2004).
A. Sevostyanov, V. Fokin, A. Harauzov, Y. Shelepin, S. Pronin, and T. Selchenkova, “fMRI localization of the mechanisms underlying the incomplete patterns discrimination,” Perception, 72, Supplement, 72 (2006).
D. Stuss and R. Knight (eds.), Frontal Lobe Function, Oxford University Press, Oxford (2002).
L. G. Ungerleider and M. Mishkin, “Two cortical visual systems,” in: Analysis of Visual Behavior, D. Ingle (ed.), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (1982).
E. K. Warrington, “Neuropsychological studies of object identification,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 298, 15–33 (1982).
J. Watanabe, M. Sugiura, K. Sato, Y. Sato, T. Maeda, Y. Matsue, H. Fukuda, and R. Kawashima, “The human prefrontal and parietal association cortices are involved in NO-GO performances: an event-related fMRI study,” NeuroImage, 17, 1207–1216 (2002).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
__________
Translated from Rossiiskii Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 93, No. 10, pp. 1089–1100, October, 2007.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fokin, V.A., Shelepin, Y.E., Kharauzov, A.K. et al. Localization of human cortical areas activated on perception of ordered and chaotic images. Neurosci Behav Physi 38, 677–685 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-008-9033-2
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-008-9033-2