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Fabrication of \(\text {Ni-NiBi}_3\) ferromagnet-superconductor nano particles

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Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles with an additional functional component are appealing systems for fundamental and applied research. Although a wide range of multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles have been reported in the literature, ferromagnet-superconductor nanoparticle systems are rare. Here, we report the fabrication of a ferromagnet-superconductor nanoparticle system via a fully physical route. As the intermetallic superconducting compound NiBi\(_3\) forms spontaneously at the interface between Ni and Bi layers, we first formed Ni nanoparticles, with sizes ranging between 50 and 200 nm, by thermal dewetting of Ni films on a Si/SiO\(_2\) substrates. A very thin layer of Bi was deposited on top to allow the formation of NiBi\(_3\) at the Bi-Ni interface by reaction-diffusion process. The formation of NiBi\(_3\) on the boundary of Ni particles was confirmed via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and superconducting transition in the NiBi\(_3\) was verified by magnetometry. The as dewetted, bare Ni nanoparticles showed superparamagnetic behavior, typical of a collection of single-domain ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Temperature-dependent magnetization showed an evolution of diamagnetic response below 4 K over a period of 2 weeks, indicating the gradual formation of the superconducting NiBi\(_3\).

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge National Institute of Science Education and Research(NISER), DAE for supporting the work through plan project RIN-4001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, 752050, Odisha, India

    Laxmipriya Nanda, Subhashree Sahoo, Pratap K. Sahoo & Kartik Senapati

  2. Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences (CIS), NISER Bhubaneswar, Jatni, 752050, Odisha, India

    Pratap K. Sahoo & Kartik Senapati

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  1. Laxmipriya Nanda
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  2. Subhashree Sahoo
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  3. Pratap K. Sahoo
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  4. Kartik Senapati
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Contributions

LN: investigation, formal analysis, writing—original draft. SS: investigation. PKS: formal analysis, writing—review and editing. KS: supervision, formal analysis, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Pratap K. Sahoo or Kartik Senapati.

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Nanda, L., Sahoo, S., Sahoo, P.K. et al. Fabrication of \(\text {Ni-NiBi}_3\) ferromagnet-superconductor nano particles. J Nanopart Res 25, 251 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-023-05877-1

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