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Bentonite functionalized with magnetite nanoparticles synthesized from mining sludge: a new magnetic material for removing iron and manganese ions from water

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Abstract

Magnetite nanoparticles (17.07±1.89 nm) were synthesized from mining sludge (Mag-NPR) by co-precipitation with ammonium hydroxide. Mag-NPR was used in bentonite coating (B-Mag) for removing iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) ions from water. Mag-NPR and B-Mag were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen physisorption, and scanning electron microscopy. Structural similarity of both materials was observed compared to conventional standards from literature. The maximum sorption capacity in B-Mag was 1.43\(\times \) (Fe) and 3.30\(\times \) (Mn) higher when compared to bentonite, indicating that the synthesized material is effective in removing Fe(II) and Mn(II). The mobilization factors of Fe(II) and Mn(II) were 96.6% and 24.3% for B-Mag and 36.2% and 26.9% for bentonite. Competitive sorption showed maximum Fe(III) and Mn(II) sorption capacities exceeding 4.5 and 2.0 times as much as in the single mode. The new magnetic properties make the B-Mag reusable and easily separated from the aqueous solution, removing color, smell, and turbidity while removing Fe and Mn ions, with remarkable technological potential.

Graphical abstract

Iron mining sludge accidentally spilled into the Rio Doce basin - MInas Gerais state - Brazil.

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Availability of data and materials

The main numerical results in this section can be generated from the MatLab script available at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/sv5683g5xc/1; Santos, Maria; Lima, Andre; Quirino, Juliana; Cavina, Rafael; Onishi, Bruno (2022), “Employment of magnetized bentonite by Fe\(_3\)O\(_4\) nanoparticles synthesized from mining waste to remove metals from water”, Mendeley Data, V1, https://doi.org/10.17632/sv5683g5xc.1.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Capes (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) for fellowships. The Spectroscopy laboratory (LABESPEC–Londrina, Brazil), the laboratory of X-Ray analysis (LARX–Londrina, Brazil), the laboratory of advanced microscopy (LMA–Araraquara, Brazil), the LCE (Structural Characterization Laboratory - UFSCar–São Carlos, Brazil) for TEM analyses, and Dr Alexandre Da Cas Viegas ( IM-LAM, UFRGS-Porto Alegre, Brazil) for VSM analysis.

Funding

Grants:88882.460421/2019-01 and 88882.448497/2019-01 from Capes (Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement) for fellowships.

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  1. Juliana N. Quirino, Rafael Cavina, Bruno S.D. Onishi and Maria J. Santos contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, State University of Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid -PR445, Londrina, 86051-990, Parana, Brazil

    Andre A. A. Lima, Juliana N. Quirino, Rafael Cavina & Maria J. Santos

  2. Chemistry Department, São Paulo State University, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55 - Jardim Quitandinha, Araraquara, 14800-900, São Paulo, Brazil

    Bruno S. D. Onishi

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Lima, A.A.A., Quirino, J.N., Cavina, R. et al. Bentonite functionalized with magnetite nanoparticles synthesized from mining sludge: a new magnetic material for removing iron and manganese ions from water. J Nanopart Res 25, 155 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-023-05745-y

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