Retraction Note on: Journal of Nanoparticle Research (2021) 23:1–23

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-021-05181-w

The Editor-in-Chief and the publisher have retracted this article. An investigation by the publisher found a number of articles, including this one, with a number of concerns, including but not limited to compromised editorial handling and peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references, or not being in scope of the journal. Based on the investigation’s findings, the Editor-in-Chief, therefore, no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article.