Abstract
In this work, iron- and nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials (Fe–N-CNMs) and copper- and nitrogen-doped CNMs (Cu–N-CNMs) were synthesized through a facile one-pot solvothermal approach. Their peroxidase-like properties were studied and compared. The Michaelis-constant Km of Fe–N-CNMs with H2O2 or TMB as the primary substrate is 19 µM and 78 µM at optimal conditions, respectively, while Km of Cu–N-CNMs with H2O2 or TMB as the primary substrate is 2.4 mM and 0.44 mM at optimal conditions, respectively. The Km values of both types of materials are lower than or comparable to those of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Moreover, under the same mass concentration, Fe–N-CNMs is superior to Cu–N-CNMs in achieving higher values of the maximum reaction rate Vmax (e.g., 5.67 × 10–8 M/s for Fe–N-CNMs compared to 4.68 × 10–8 M/s for Cu–N-CNMs with H2O2 as the primary substrate). However, it was also found that under high concentrations of substrates (3,3,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)), the reaction rates of Fe–N-CNMs are saturated, but the reaction rates of Cu–N-CNMs are increasing versus the concentrations of substrates and are higher than those of Fe–N-CNMs. Experimental results showed that synergistic efforts of both the catalytic mechanism and the product-microaggregation process could be involved in the Cu–N-CNM-based reaction to enhance the measured reaction rates. Potential applications were discussed on the basis of the reaction characteristics of these two peroxidase-like materials.
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Funding
This research was supported by a research award to BL and XZ under the NSF EPSCoR award (NSF #1301726). Stephen Spain from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Nevada Reno helped on the collection of EPR data.
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Lee, B., Tian, S., Xiong, G. et al. Solvothermal synthesis of transition metal (iron/copper) and nitrogen co−doped carbon nanomaterials: comparing their peroxidase−like properties. J Nanopart Res 24, 85 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05470-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05470-y