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In-vitro dissolution behaviour of mixture of nanoparticle from surface water to simulated human digestive system

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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of natural aquatic medium and human digestive media on the dissolution of single and mixture of nanoparticles. We determined an in-vitro dissolution factor for a mixture of nanoparticles in human digestive media. The oral exposure scenario was considered in this study, with exposure of nanoparticles through surface water containing a mixture of nanoparticles. The dissolution of these nanoparticles was tracked through the human gastrointestinal tract, including saliva, gastric, and intestinal artificial fluids. The dissolution factors for ZnO and CuO nanoparticles were found to be 68% and 54% in mixture suspension at 10 mg/L nanoparticle concentration, respectively. A comparison between single and mixture of nanoparticles showed a significant difference in ion contents in various mediums, thus indicating the effect of the simultaneous presence of two nanoparticles on extents of dissolution. The presence of antibiotics in the aquatic system along with mixture of nanoparticles decreased CuO nanoparticle dissolution factor to 21% and for ZnO, dissolution factor was found to be 77%. Both particulate fraction and ionic fraction for single and mixture of nanoparticles were reported in this study. Digestive loading values associated with NPs was found to be 6.2 and 5.4 mg/L for ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, respectively. Such data is essential in assessing exposure dose and characterizing human health risk. This data also helps in understanding risk associated with nanoparticles and ionic part separately for the mixture system.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

NP:

Nanoparticle

BAF:

Bioassimilation factor

NOAEL:

No observable adverse effect level

LOAEL:

Low observable adverse effect level

ADI:

Average daily intake

GI:

Gastrointestinal

RfD:

Reference dose

HA:

Humic acid

SAM:

Sulfadimethoxine

HI:

Hazard Index

CCC:

Critical coagulation concentration

USEPA:

United States Environmental Protection Agency

EU:

European Union

OECD:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

IVG:

In-vitro gastrointestinal

SBRC:

Solubility Bioavailability Research Consortium

SGF:

Simulated gastric fluid

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (India); Nanoscale Research Facility, Dr. Naminita Gogoi (Staff for ICP-MS analysis), Central Research Facility, IIT Delhi (India), for supporting this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India

    Tanushree Parsai & Arun Kumar

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  1. Tanushree Parsai
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  2. Arun Kumar
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Correspondence to Tanushree Parsai.

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Highlights

1. Dissolution of nanoparticles is dependent on type of suspension, i.e., single or mixture of nanoparticles.

2. An in-vitro dissolution factor value for mixture of nanoparticles was found to be 68% for ZnO NPs and 54% for CuO NPs.

3. The presence of antibiotics decreased the in-vitro dissolution factor value for mixture suspension.

4. NP concentrations at target organ like in the digestive system were found to be 6.2 and 5.4 mg/L for ZnO and CuO nanoparticles, respectively.

Supplementary Information

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Supplementary file1 (DOCX 46 KB)

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Parsai, T., Kumar, A. In-vitro dissolution behaviour of mixture of nanoparticle from surface water to simulated human digestive system. J Nanopart Res 24, 90 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05468-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-022-05468-6

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