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Bamboo-type carbon nanotube solids derived from low-cost epoxy resins and their potential application for air filtration

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Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are formed in bulk solids from the thermal decomposition of catalytic amounts of Fe2(CO)9 or Co2(CO)8 in the presence of an excess amount of a novolac epoxy carbon precursor during the conversion to a shaped thermoset composition and pyrolysis to 1,000 °C. The as-pyrolyzed carbonaceous solid is composed of either Fe or Co nanoparticles embedded in the nanostructured carbon, which contains bamboo-type carbon nanotubes, MWNTs, and some amorphous carbon. The Fe and Co nanoparticles, formed in situ from thermal decomposition of the corresponding salts, are responsible for the formation of the CNTs. The amorphous carbon is removed by selective combustion leaving a high surface area, porous composition. The pore network facilitates the transport of gaseous molecules such as ammonia to the adsorptive sites at the CNT surface and at entrained Fe or Co nanoparticle sites. During the combustion, the Fe and Co nanoparticles are oxidized to the corresponding nanostructured oxides, which are more receptive to ammonia absorption relative to the reduced metal. The ability to produce nanostructured solid compositions containing CNTs in any shape or form from inexpensive, commercially available carbon precursors is facilitating the development for application such as energy, gas sorption, chemical sensor, membrane, and nanodevices.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for this research was provided by the U.S. Office of Naval Research and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Code 6120, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

    Teddy M. Keller & Matthew Laskoski

  2. Code 6170, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

    Jeffrey W. Long

  3. Code 6360, Materials Science and Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA

    Syed B. Qadri

  4. U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research & Technology Directorate, CBR Filtration Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, 21010, USA

    Gregory W. Peterson

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  1. Teddy M. Keller
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  2. Matthew Laskoski
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  4. Syed B. Qadri
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  5. Gregory W. Peterson
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Keller, T.M., Laskoski, M., Long, J.W. et al. Bamboo-type carbon nanotube solids derived from low-cost epoxy resins and their potential application for air filtration. J Nanopart Res 16, 2165 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-2165-5

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