Abstract
Recently, we had discovered that the linkage of nucleoside analogues to squalene, a precursor in the sterol biosynthesis, led to amphiphilic molecules, which self-organized in water as nanoassemblies of 100–300 nm in diameter, irrespective of the nucleoside analogue used. Thus, it was observed that the 4-(N)-trisnorsqualenoylgemcitabine (SQdFdC), the squalenoyl prodrug of the anticancer nucleoside analogue gemcitabine, was impressively more active than its parent compound gemcitabine, both in vitro and in vivo on experimental leukaemia. Since squalene, which is a natural constituent of shark liver and olive oil, is known to be absorbed orally, we investigated in this short note the absorption and tissue distribution of 3H-radiolabelled SQdFdC nanoassemblies comparatively to 3H-gemcitabine after oral administration to mice. Whereas gemcitabine was found to be rapidly absorbed (t max = 1 h), this compound underwent a rapid clearance from the plasma. Conversely, the SQdFdC nanoassemblies displayed slower absorption followed by the progressive tissue accumulation, and they exhibited a lower clearance rate. The accumulation of the SQdFdC nanoassemblies in tissues such as pancreas, thymus, lung, liver and spleen (except at 1 h post-administration) was similar to that of the gemcitabine, yet exhibited significantly greater penetration and retention into the stomach and intestinal tissues comparatively to gemcitabine. Thus, the SQdFdC nanoassemblies could be of potential interest in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumours by oral route.
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Acknowledgements
The financial support of the “Agence Nationale de la Recherche” (ANR, grant SYLIANU) and of the CNRS (grant “Ingénieur de valorisation”) is acknowledged, as is a post-doctoral fellowship to LHR from the Univ. Paris-Sud.
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Harivardhan Reddy, L., Ferreira, H., Dubernet, C. et al. Oral absorption and tissue distribution of a new squalenoyl anticancer nanomedicine. J Nanopart Res 10, 887–891 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9322-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9322-7