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Multi-locus Sequence Typing and Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand

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Abstract

The basidiomycete yeast Cryptococcus neoformans causes disease in immunocompromized patients. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology provides insights into the molecular epidemiology of C. neoformans. However, the number of such studies is limited. Here we used WGS and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to determine the genetic diversity of C. neoformans isolates and genetic structures of their populations among patients admitted to a single hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Seven isolates from six patients collected during 1 year were identified as C. neoformans sensu stricto according to colony morphology, microscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nucleotide sequence analysis of internal transcribed sequences. These isolates were sensitive to the antifungal drugs amphotericin B, fluconazole, 5-flucytosine, voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole and were mating type α and molecular type VNI. MLST analysis identified ST4, ST5 and ST6. We further employed WGS to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of C. neoformans isolated here combined with C. neoformans sequences data acquired from a public database (n = 42). We used the data to construct a phylogenetic tree. WGS provided additional genomics data and achieved high discriminatory power for identifying C. neoformans isolates isolated in Thailand. This report further demonstrates the applicability of WGS analysis for conducting molecular epidemiology and provides insight into the genetic diversity of C. neoformans isolates from one hospital in Thailand.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by a grant awarded by Navamindradhiraj University Research Fund (Grant Number worjor/sornorthor.26/2562) to TW, CT and AH. We thank Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital for the English editing supported and edited by the ENAGO company.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, 681 Samsen Road, Vajira District, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand

    Thanwa Wongsuk & Chuphong Thongnak

  2. Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Central Laboratory and Blood Bank, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Anchalee Homkaew

  3. Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

    Kiatichai Faksri

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  1. Thanwa Wongsuk
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  4. Chuphong Thongnak
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Correspondence to Chuphong Thongnak.

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The Ethical Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj approved the study (COA119/61).

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Wongsuk, T., Homkaew, A., Faksri, K. et al. Multi-locus Sequence Typing and Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Mycopathologia 185, 503–514 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-020-00456-7

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