Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii Antigens Elicit Different Serum IgG Responses in Chronic Paracoccidioidomycosis

  • Published:
Mycopathologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (S1, PS2, and PS3) and by the new species, P. lutzii. Considering that genetic differences in the Paracoccidioides genus could elicit distinct immune responses by the host, current research investigated serum IgG levels to antigens from P. brasiliensis B339 (S1), P. brasiliensis LDR3 (PS2), and atypical strain LDR2 (P. lutzii), in patients with chronic PCM from the northern and west regions of Paraná, Brazil (n = 35). Cell-free antigen (CFA) and high molecular mass fraction (hMM) were produced from each strain. Samples were analyzed by ELISA and immunodiffusion (ID). ELISA positivity using CFA: B339-100 %, LDR3-83 %, and LDR2-74 %. Response to CFA from B339 was more intense (p < 0.05), while there was no difference between LDR3-LDR2. IgG anti-hMM was higher for antigens from B339 or LDR3, when compared with LDR2 (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation for each strain between CFA-hMM and for hMM between B339-LDR3 and LDR3-LDR2. ID positivity with CFA: B339-63 %, LDR3-66 %, and LDR2-60 %. We conclude that the intensity of reaction of the patients’ sera varies with the strain used; hMM influences tests that use CFA, independently of strain; using ID, positive rates were very similar, but there was a large number of false negative results; ELISA tests using antigens from P. brasiliensis S1 were able to detect a larger number of patients than PS2 and P. lutzii (which had a considerable number of false negative results), and therefore, its use may be more appropriate in this region of Brazil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Teixeira MM, Theodoro RC, de Carvalho MJ, Fernandes L, Paes HC, Hahn RC, et al. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high level of speciation in the Paracoccidioides genus. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2009;52(2):273–83. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.005.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Wanke B, Londero AT. Epidemiology and Paracoccidioidomycosis infection. In: Del Negro G, Franco M, Lacaz CdS, Restrepo Moreno A, editors. Paracoccidioidomycosis. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1994. p. 109–20.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Telles Filho Fde Q, Mendes RP, Colombo AL, Moretti ML. Guidelines in paracoccidioidomycosis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2006;39(3):297–310.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Del Negro GM, Benard G, de Assis CM, Vidal MS, Garcia NM, Otani C, et al. Lack of reactivity of paracoccidioidomycosis sera in the double immunodiffusion test with the gp43 antigen: report of two cases. J Med Vet Mycol. 1995;33(2):113–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Singer-Vermes LM, Caldeira CB, Burger E, Calich LG. Experimental murine paracoccidioidomycosis: relationship among the dissemination of the infection, humoral and cellular immune responses. Clin Exp Immunol. 1993;94(1):75–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Puccia R, Schenkman S, Gorin PA, Travassos LR. Exocellular components of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: identification of a specific antigen. Infect Immun. 1986;53(1):199–206.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Camargo ZP, Unterkircher C, Campoy SP, Travassos LR. Production of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis exoantigens for immunodiffusion tests. J Clin Microbiol. 1988;26(10):2147–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Camargo ZP, Taborda CP, Rodrigues EG, Travassos LR. The use of cell-free antigens of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in serological tests. J Med Vet Mycol. 1991;29(1):31–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Puccia R, Travassos LR. 43-kilodalton glycoprotein from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: immunochemical reactions with sera from patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, or Jorge Lobo’s disease. J Clin Microbiol. 1991;29(8):1610–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Blotta MH, Camargo ZP. Immunological response to cell-free antigens of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: relationship with clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31(3):671–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Marques da Silva SH, Colombo AL, Blotta MH, Lopes JD, Queiroz-Telles F, Pires de Camargo Z. Detection of circulating gp43 antigen in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(8):3675–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Marquez AS, Vicentini AP, Ono MA, Watanabe MA, de Camargo ZP, Itano EN. Reactivity of antibodies from patients with acute and chronic paracoccidioidomycosis to a high molecular mass antigen from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. J Clin Lab Anal. 2005;19(5):199–204. doi:10.1002/jcla.20078.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Franco M, Bagagli E, Cunha M, Chamma LG, Fecchio D. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis antigen batches from the same isolate show immunological and biochemical differences. Mycopathologia. 1996;135(1):13–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Caldini CP, Xander P, Kioshima ES, Bachi AL, de Camargo ZP, Mariano M, et al. Synthetic peptides mimic gp75 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia. 2012;174(1):1–10. doi:10.1007/s11046-011-9518-3.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Calcagno AM, Nino-Vega G, San-Blas F, San-Blas G. Geographic discrimination of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis strains by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 1998;36(6):1733–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Matute DR, McEwen JG, Puccia R, Montes BA, San-Blas G, Bagagli E, et al. Cryptic speciation and recombination in the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis as revealed by gene genealogies. Mol Biol Evol. 2006;23(1):65–73. doi:10.1093/molbev/msj008.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Soares CM, Madlun EE, da Silva SP, Pereira M, Felipe MS. Characterization of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolates by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33(2):505–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hahn RC, Macedo AM, Santos NL, Resende JC, Hamdan JS. Characterization of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis atypical isolates by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2002;19(1):49–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Carrero LL, Nino-Vega G, Teixeira MM, Carvalho MJ, Soares CM, Pereira M, et al. New Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolate reveals unexpected genomic variability in this human pathogen. Fungal Genet Biol. 2008;45(5):605–12. doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2008.02.002.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Takayama A, Itano EN, Sano A, Ono MA, Kamei K. An atypical Paracoccidioides brasiliensis clinical isolate based on multiple gene analysis. Med Mycol. 2010;48(1):64–72. doi:10.3109/13693780902718065.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Rigobello FF, Marquez AS, Lopes JD, Nakanishi-Ito FA, Itano EN. Patients with chronic-form paracoccidioidomycosis present high serum levels of IgE anti-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis gp70. Mycopathologia. 2013;175(3–4):307–13. doi:10.1007/s11046-013-9624-5.

  22. Neves AR, Mamoni RL, Rossi CL, de Camargo ZP, Blotta MH. Negative immunodiffusion test results obtained with sera of paracoccidioidomycosis patients may be related to low-avidity immunoglobulin G2 antibodies directed against carbohydrate epitopes. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003;10(5):802–7.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Batista J Jr, de Camargo ZP, Fernandes GF, Vicentini AP, Fontes CJ, Hahn RC. Is the geographical origin of a Paracoccidioides brasiliensis isolate important for antigen production for regional diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis? Mycoses. 2010;53(2):176–80. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01687.x.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sano A, Nishimura K, Horie Y, Franco M, Mendes RP, Coelho KI, et al. Antigenic similarities to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in thermo-dependent dimorphic fungi isolated from soil in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Mycopathologia. 1997;138(1):37–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Del Negro GM, Garcia NM, Rodrigues EG, Cano MI, de Aguiar MS, Lirio Vde S, et al. The sensitivity, specificity and efficiency values of some serological tests used in the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1991;33(4):277–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Panunto-Castelo A, Freitas-da-Silva G, Bragheto IC, Martinez R, Roque-Barreira MC. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis exoantigens: recognition by IgG from patients with different clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis. Microbes Infect. 2003;5(13):1205–11.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Camargo ZP. Serology of paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia. 2008;165(4–5):289–302.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Berzaghi R, da Silva SH, de Camargo ZP. Variable gp43 secretion by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis clones obtained by two different culture methods. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43(1):491–3. doi:10.1128/JCM.43.1.491-493.2005.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Mendes-Giannini MJ, Bueno JP, Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Ferreira AW, Masuda A. Detection of the 43,000-molecular-weight glycoprotein in sera of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1989;27(12):2842–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Benard G, Mendes-Giannini MJ, Juvenale M, Miranda ET, Duarte AJ. Immunosuppression in paracoccidioidomycosis: T cell hypo responsiveness to two Paracoccidioides brasiliensis glycoproteins that elicit strong humoral immune response. J Infect Dis. 1997;175(5):1263–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pavanelli WR, Kaminami MS, Geres JR, Sano A, Ono MA, Camargo IC, et al. Protection induced in BALB/c mice by the high-molecular-mass (hMM) fraction of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Mycopathologia. 2007;163(3):117–28. doi:10.1007/s11046-007-0095-4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Current work was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação Araucária/PR, Ministério da Educação e Cultura/Programa de Extensão Universitária (MEC/PROEXT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Pró-reitorias de Pós-graduação e Extensão from Londrina State University (PROPPG/PROEX/UEL). The authors thank Mari S. Kaminami and Nilson de Jesus Carlos for their technical assistance; Dra. Berenice Tomoko Tatibana for her advices about this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    A. Lenhard-Vidal, J. P. Assolini, M. A. Ono & E. N. Itano

  2. State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, PR, Brazil

    C. S. O. Bredt

  3. Department of Animal Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan

    A. Sano

  4. Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, CCB, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, 86051-970, Brazil

    E. N. Itano

Authors
  1. A. Lenhard-Vidal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. P. Assolini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. A. Ono
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. S. O. Bredt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Sano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. E. N. Itano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. N. Itano.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lenhard-Vidal, A., Assolini, J.P., Ono, M.A. et al. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii Antigens Elicit Different Serum IgG Responses in Chronic Paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia 176, 345–352 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-013-9698-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-013-9698-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation