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Immunopathological effect of the mycotoxins cyclopiazonic acid and T-2 toxin on broiler chicken

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Abstract

Forty, newly hatched, unsexed broiler chicks were fed diets containing 10 ppm cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and 1 ppm T-2 toxin (T2) either individually or in combination for 28 days to study the immunopathological effects. Lymphoid organs revealed lymphocytolysis and lymphoid depletion in all toxin fed birds. Thymic and splenic CD+4 and CD+8 lymphocytes decreased significantly (p < 0.01) in toxin fed birds when compared to the control. Thymic CD+8 lymphocytes of T2 and CPA-T2 showed significant (p < 0.01) decrease from that of CPA and control groups. Splenic CD+4 and CD+8 lymphocytes showed significant (p < 0.01) decrease in CPA and CPA-T2 fed groups when compared to the control. The T2 group did not differ significantly from that of control. The stimulation index (SI) of splenocytes to concavalin A revealed significant (p < 0.01) decrease in all toxin fed birds. Significant (p < 0.01) decrease were observed for the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres to Newcastle disease virus vaccine F strain (NDV) of birds fed CPA, T2 and in combination. Significant (p < 0.01) interaction was found for lymphocyte subsets, SI and HI titres to NDV. The study indicated the immunosuppressive effect of these toxins either alone or in combination in broiler chicks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toxicology Department, Jai Research Foundation, Valvada, 396 108, India

    P. Kamalavenkatesh

  2. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600 007, India

    S. Vairamuthu

  3. Centralised Clinical Laboratory, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600 007, India

    C. Balachandran

  4. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600 007, India

    B. Murali Manohar

  5. Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, 600 007, India

    G. Dhinakar raj

Authors
  1. P. Kamalavenkatesh
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  2. S. Vairamuthu
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  3. C. Balachandran
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  4. B. Murali Manohar
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  5. G. Dhinakar raj
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Correspondence to C. Balachandran.

Additional information

Forms part of M.V.Sc. thesis of the first author approved by the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600 051, India.

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Kamalavenkatesh, P., Vairamuthu, S., Balachandran, C. et al. Immunopathological effect of the mycotoxins cyclopiazonic acid and T-2 toxin on broiler chicken. Mycopathologia 159, 273–279 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-7321-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-004-7321-0

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