Abstract
Optimal synthesis of human movement or the prediction of the kinematics of a new movement require not only that the multi-body system be modeled but also that a performance criterion is specified. For sub-maximal movements the selection of a suitable performance criterion, able to generate realistic dynamic behavior is difficult. A two-dimensional simulation model of the take-off phase of a sub-maximal long jump was developed to study the effect of criterion choice on the realism of simulated movements. A parametric optimization technique was employed to obtain solutions to the constrained equations of motion. Seven different criteria were evaluated, by comparing simulated movements with an actual performance, to identify the criterion which most closely approximated that spontaneously minimized by the athlete. Synthesis of the take-off phase of a sub-maximal long jump was found to be sensitive to the chosen criterion, with a criterion based on minimizing joint intersegmental forces found to perform well.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Jinha, A., Ait-Haddou, R., Herzog, W.: Predictions of co-contraction depend critically on degrees-of-freedom in the musculoskeletal model. J. Biomech. 39, 1145–1152 (2006)
Miller, R., Gillette, J., Derrick, T., Caldwell, G.: Muscle forces during running predicted by gradient-based and random search static optimisation algorithms. Comput. Methods Biomech. Biomed. Eng. 12, 217–225 (2009)
Pedersen, D., Brand, R., Davy, D.: Pelvic muscle and acetabular contact forces during gait. J. Biomech. 30, 959–965 (1997)
Anderson, F., Pandy, M.: Dynamic optimization of human walking. J. Biomech. Eng. 123, 381–390 (2001)
Piazza, S., Delp, S.: The influence of muscles on knee flexion during the swing phase of gait. J. Biomech. 29, 723–733 (1996)
Raasch, C., Zajac, F., Ma, B., Levine, W.: Muscle coordination of maximum-speed pedaling. J. Biomech. 30, 595–602 (1997)
Challis, J., Kerwin, D.: An analytical examination of muscle force estimations using optimization techniques. Proc. Inst. of Mech. Eng., Part H: J. Eng. Med. 207, 139–148 (1993)
Glitsch, U., Baumann, W.: The three-dimensional determination of internal loads in the lower extremity. J. Biomech. 30, 1123–1131 (1997)
Pandy, M., Garner, B., Anderson, F.: Optimal-control of non-ballistic muscular movements—a constraint-based performance criterion for rising from a chair. J. Biomech. Eng. 117, 15–26 (1995)
Hatze, H.: A comprehensive model for human motion simulation and its application to the take-off phase of the long jump. J. Biomech. 14, 135–142 (1981)
King, M., Yeadon, M.: Maximising somersault rotation in tumbling. J. Biomech. 37, 471–477 (2004)
Wilson, C., Yeadon, M., King, M.: Considerations that affect optimised simulation in a running jump for height. J. Biomech. 40, 3155–3161 (2007)
Zajac, F., Neptune, R., Kautz, S.: Biomechanics and muscle coordination of human walking—Part I: Introduction to concepts, power transfer, dynamics and simulations. Gait Posture 16, 215–232 (2002)
Marshall, R., Wood, G., Jennings, L.: Performance-objectives in human movement—a review and application to the stance phase of normal walking. Hum. Mov. Sci. 8, 571–594 (1989)
Ackermann, M., van den Bogert, A.: Optimality principles for model-based prediction of human gait. J. Biomech. 43, 1055–1060 (2010)
Winter, D.: Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. Wiley-Interscience, New York (1979)
Kapandji, A.: Anatomie fonctionnelle: I, II and III Maloine, Paris (2005)
Bessonnet, G., Chessé, S., Sardain, P.: Optimal gait synthesis of a seven-link planar biped. Int. J. Robot. Res. 23, 1059–1073 (2004)
Bessonnet, G., Seguin, P., Sardain, P.: A parametric optimization approach to walking pattern synthesis. Int. J. Robot. Res. 24, 523–536 (2005)
Lawrence, C., Zhou, J., Tits, A.: User’s Guide for CFSQP Version 2.5: a C code for solving (large scale) constrained nonlinear (minimax) optimization problems, generating iterates satisfying all inequality constraints. Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland (1997)
Leboeuf, F., Bessonnet, G., Seguin, P., Lacouture, P.: Energetic versus sthenic optimality criteria for gymnastic movement synthesis. Multibody Syst. Dyn. 16, 213–236 (2006)
Chow, C., Jacobson, D.: Studies of human locomotion via optimal programming. Math. Biosci. 10, 239–306 (1971)
Bessonnet, G., Sardain, P., Chessé, S.: Optimal motion synthesis—dynamic modelling and numerical solving aspects. Multibody Syst. Dyn. 8, 257–278 (2002)
Pandy, M., Anderson, F., Hull, D.: A parameter optimization approach for the optimal control of large-scale musculoskeletal systems. J. Biomech. Eng. 114, 450–460 (1992)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic Supplementary Material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jackson, M., Benkhemis, I., Begon, M. et al. Identifying the criterion spontaneously minimized during the take-off phase of a sub-maximal long jump through optimal synthesis. Multibody Syst Dyn 28, 225–237 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-011-9278-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-011-9278-3