Abstract
Agriculture is a major source of income of a nation’s economy and it plays an important role in feeding mankind. Agriculturists and scientists are working hard to maximize productivity while minimizing the impact on the environment. One important aspect of smart agriculture is disease management in crops. Crops are affected by several diseases caused by pest infestation and pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and fungus. Diseases can be detected early which damage control is aided, and yield loss is avoided. In this paper, a Hierarchical Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network (HDLCNN) is proposed to detect the diseases in the leaf. Initially, a pre-processing step is performed utilizing the Median Filtering method. This removes the noises in the image. After processing the image, an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Local Binary pattern (IFLBP) is introduced, it extracts the features of the leaf. Then the Hierarchical Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network is used to detect and classify the disease and the Decision Support Systems help farmers implement effective treatment programs. These allow farmers to increase the efficiency of control techniques without increasing the risks. This method is evaluated and executed in the Matlab Simulink software. While compared to different methods, the proposed technique performs better performance, existing methods are VGG-INCEP, Deep CNN, Random forest methods (RF) and other Spiking neural networks (SNN) models. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score of the proposed method is approximately 4%, 6%, 3%, and 3.5% higher than the other existing methods. Then the specificity, sensitivity, and PSNR of the proposed method is 4.5%, 1%, and 2% higher than the existing methods. Thus utilizing this proposed HDLCNN, its performance of the method is improved and this research alerts the former. Through this the former can prevent the leaf from diseases, thus the crop of potato is improved worldwide.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbas A, Jain S, Gour M, Vankudothu S (2021) Tomato plant disease detection using transfer learning with C-GAN synthetic images. Comput Electron Agric 187:106279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2021.106279
Abdu AM, Mokji MM, Sheikh UU (2020) Automatic vegetable disease identification approach using individual lesion features. Comput Electron Agric 176:105660
Abdu, AM, Musa Mokji M, Usman Sheikh U (n.d.) Machine learning for plant disease detection: an investigative comparison between support vector machine and deep learning. Int J Artif Intell ISSN 2252.8938: 8938
Ansari MD, Ghrera SP, Mishra AR (2020) Texture feature extraction using intuitionistic fuzzy local binary pattern. J Intell Syst 29(1):19–34. https://doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2016-0155
Arjunagi, S, Nagaraj Patil B (2020) An optimal automated disease detection and classification of crop species using hybrid machine learning techniques. Indian J Comput Sci Eng, Sep-Oct
Chouhan SS, Kaul A, Singh UP, Jain S (2018) Bacterial foraging optimization based radial basis function neural network (BRBFNN) for identification and classification of plant leaf diseases: an automatic approach towards plant pathology. IEEE Access 6:8852–8863
Chouhan SS, Singh UP, Jain S (2021) Automated plant leaf disease detection and classification using fuzzy based function network. Wirel Pers Commun 121(3):1757–1779
Dhingra G, Kumar V, Joshi HD (2018) Study of digital image processing techniques for leaf disease detection and classification. Multimed Tools Appl 77(15):19951–20000
Dhivya S (2021) Performance evaluation of image processing filters Towads strawberry leaf disease. Turk J Comput Math Educ (TURCOMAT) 12(11):3776–3784
Duarte-Carvajalino JM et al (2018) Evaluating late blight severity in potato crops using unmanned aerial vehicles and machine learning algorithms. Remote Sens 10(10):1513. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101513
Fulari, UN, Rajveer Shastri K, Anuj Fulari N (n.d.) Leaf Disease Detection Using Machine Learning. Journal of Seybold Report ISSN NO 1533: 9211
Ganatra N, Patel A (2020) A multiclass plant leaf disease detection using image processing and machine learning techniques. Int J Emerg Technol 11(2):1082–1086
Geetharamani G, Pandian A (2019) Identification of plant leaf diseases using a nine-layer deep convolutional neural network. Comput Electr Eng 76:323–338
Gold KM, Townsend PA, Chlus A, Herrmann I, Couture JJ, Larson ER, Gevens AJ (2020) Hyperspectral measurements enable pre-symptomatic detection and differentiation of contrasting physiological effects of late blight and early blight in potato. Remote Sens 12(2):286
Griffel LM, Delparte D, Edwards J (2018) Using support vector machines classification to differentiate spectral signatures of potato plants infected with potato virus Y. Comput Electron Agric 153:318–324
Jiang P, Chen Y, Liu B, He D, Liang C (2019) Real-time detection of apple leaf diseases using deep learning approach based on improved convolutional neural networks. IEEE Access 7:59069–59080
Kanchanadevi B, Tamilselvi PR (2020) Preprocessing using image filtering method and techniques for medical image compression techniques. ICTACT J Image Vid Process 10(3):2132–2135. https://doi.org/10.21917/ijivp.2020.0304
Karthik R et al (2020) Attention embedded residual CNN for disease detection in tomato leaves. Appl Soft Comput 86:105933
Kaur S, Pandey S, Goel S (2018) Semi-automatic leaf disease detection and classification system for soybean culture. IET Image Process 12(6):1038–1048
Kurmi Y, Gangwar S (2021) A leaf image localization based algorithm for different crops disease classification. Inf Process Agric
Liu B, Ding Z, Tian L, He D, Li S, Wang H (2020) Grape leaf disease identification using improved deep convolutional neural networks. Front Plant Sci 11:1082. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01082
Mukherjee A, August (2020) Analysis of diseased leaf images using digital image processing techniques and SVM classifier and disease severity measurements using fuzzy logic. Int J Sci Eng Res 11(8):1905–1912
Oo YM, Htun NC (2018) Plant leaf disease detection and classification using image processing. Int J Res Eng 5(9):516–523
Pantazi XE, Moshou D, Alexandra Tamouridou A (2019) Automated leaf disease detection in different crop species through image features analysis and one class classifiers. Comput Electron Agric 156:96–104
Rao, A, Kulkarni SB (2020) A Hybrid Approach for Plant Leaf Disease Detection and Classification Using Digital Image Processing Methods. Int J Electr Eng Educ 0020720920953126
Roy D, Panda P, Roy K (2020) Tree-CNN: a hierarchical deep convolutional neural network for incremental learning. Neural Netw 121:148–160
Saha S, Gan Z, Cheng L, Gao J, Kafka OL, Xie X, Li H, Tajdari M, Kim HA, Liu WK (2021) Hierarchical deep learning neural network (HiDeNN): an artificial intelligence (AI) framework for computational science and engineering. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 373:113452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2020.113452
Vidya SB, Chandra E (2019) Entropy based local binary pattern (ELBP) feature extraction technique of multimodal biometrics as defence mechanism for cloud storage. Alex Eng J 58(1):103–114
Yang S, Gao T, Wang J, Deng B, Lansdell B, Linares-Barranco B (2021) Efficient spike-driven learning with dendritic event-based processing. Front Neurosci 15:97
Yang S, Wang J, Deng B, Azghadi MR, Linares-Barranco B (2021) Neuromorphic context-dependent learning framework with fault-tolerant spike routing. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 33(12):7126–7140. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2021.3084250
Yusof MAM, Nazari A (2021) The disease detection for maize-plant using K-means clustering. Evol Electr Electron Eng 2(2):834–841
Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang C, Wang X, Shi Y (2019) Cucumber leaf disease identification with global pooling dilated convolutional neural network. Comput Electron Agric 162:422–430
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Kumar, A., Patel, V.K. Classification and identification of disease in potato leaf using hierarchical based deep learning convolutional neural network. Multimed Tools Appl 82, 31101–31127 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-14663-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-14663-z