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A channel coding information hiding algorithm for images based on uniform cyclic shift

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Abstract

Robust reversible watermarking algorithms for images have good performance against traditional image processing methods such as compression, noise and filtering. However, when the sender transmits a carrier image over a noisy channel, the quality of the image is significantly affected and the receiver has difficulty recovering the secret information. To address this problem, we change the carrier of secret information from image to channel coding and propose a channel coding information hiding scheme based on uniform cyclic shift algorithm for images. The proposed algorithm, which is not based on a specific protocol, uses the error correction capability of the code to construct a covert channel. The secret information is embedded in the carrier bitstream approximately uniformly by the proposed algorithm, which makes the noise caused by the secret information similar to the random noise of the channel at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We experimentally and analytically give the optimal values of some adjustable parameters and deduce the maximum embedding capacity of the proposed algorithm. Compared with the traditional robust reversible information hiding scheme, the carrier obtained by channel decoding at the receiving end can be the closest to the original carrier, and the secret information can be restored with the lowest bit error rate (BER).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China

    Kunliang Yu, Liquan Chen, Yu Wang & Tianyu Lu

  2. Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211118, China

    Liquan Chen

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  1. Kunliang Yu
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  2. Liquan Chen
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  3. Yu Wang
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  4. Tianyu Lu
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Correspondence to Liquan Chen.

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Yu, K., Chen, L., Wang, Y. et al. A channel coding information hiding algorithm for images based on uniform cyclic shift. Multimed Tools Appl 81, 11279–11300 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12034-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12034-8

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