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A novel NMF-based authentication scheme for encrypted speech in cloud computing

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Abstract

Authentication of encrypted speeches is a technique that can judge the integrity of encrypted speech in cloud computing, even the encrypted speeches have been subjected to common signal processing operations. In this paper, a novel and effective authentication scheme for encrypted speech is proposed. At first, the host speech signal is first scrambled and encrypted by Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Then, Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) is performed to obtain the approximation coefficients and the detail coefficients. At last, Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is employed to generate perceptual hashing, which is embedded into the encrypted speech by differential expansion. In authentication section, the tampered region of encrypted speech is located by comparing the reconstructed perceptual hashing with the extracted perceptual hashing version. Extensive experiments are carried out, which demonstrate that the proposed scheme is not only sensitive to malicious tampering of encrypted speech files, but also robust to tolerate common signal processing operations. The comparison shows that our algorithm performs better than the existing methods on Bit Error Rate (BER) values.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants 61972269, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant YJ201881, and by the Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Sichuan Province (17ZA0063). The authors would like to thank Dr. Hanzhou Wu for valuable suggestions and discussion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, People’s Republic of China

    Canghong Shi

  2. School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Hongxia Wang

  3. Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA

    Yi Hu

  4. The College of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaojie Li

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  1. Canghong Shi
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  2. Hongxia Wang
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  3. Yi Hu
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  4. Xiaojie Li
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Correspondence to Hongxia Wang.

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Shi, C., Wang, H., Hu, Y. et al. A novel NMF-based authentication scheme for encrypted speech in cloud computing. Multimed Tools Appl 80, 25773–25798 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10896-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-10896-y

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