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A zero-bit Fourier image watermarking for print-cam process

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Abstract

Smartphone watermarking has many potential applications but also many challenging issues such as being able to withstand print-cam attacks. These include perspective deformations that can strongly deform the freehandedly digitized image. In this paper, we present the design of an image watermarking for print-cam process in the context of an industrial security application for identity images. The method uses watermarking based on the Fourier transform and a specific correction pre-process. These corrections combine frame-based perspective rectification of the freehandedly captured images, a Wiener filter to decrease image blurring and adjustments to reduce color degradations. Results show that the Fourier watermarking method gives better results than state of the art of existing watermarking methods often chosen to cope with print-cam attacks. Fourier watermarking provides a total error rate of 1%, which is compatible with the targeted industrial application. The error of the other methods is at best 25%. Finally, no noticeable difference was found between the two smartphones tested (iPhone 6 and Samsung S5), in terms of error rate, for the proposed method.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by project PPR2-CNRST: Prototype Development for authentication systems based on face biometrics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IRF-SIC Laboratory, Ibn Zohr University, BP 8106, Cite Dakhla, 80000, Agadir, Morocco

    Khadija Gourrame, Hassan Douzi, Rabia Riad, Meina Amar & Mohamed Elhajji

  2. PRISME Laboratory, Orléans University, 12 Rue de Blois, 45067, Orléans, France

    Khadija Gourrame, Rachid Harba, Rabia Riad, Frederic Ros & Meina Amar

Authors
  1. Khadija Gourrame
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  2. Hassan Douzi
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  3. Rachid Harba
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  4. Rabia Riad
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  5. Frederic Ros
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  6. Meina Amar
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  7. Mohamed Elhajji
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Correspondence to Khadija Gourrame.

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Gourrame, K., Douzi, H., Harba, R. et al. A zero-bit Fourier image watermarking for print-cam process. Multimed Tools Appl 78, 2621–2638 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6302-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6302-0

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