Abstract
The development of tools for the automated identification of species will reduce the burden of routine identifications conducted by many biologists. The design of these tools is difficult because it depends on the proper extraction of those most relevant characteristics of the image, namely, those unequivocally identify its species. The appropriate software for such extraction does not exist in all cases. This work proposes an architecture for the automated identification of the skulls of different mammalian species belonging to the order Eulipotyphla, which includes shrews, moles and hedgehogs, among others. Our system determines nine species of this mammalian group using existing object recognition techniques, identifying them based on a set of images of the skulls of these species in a digital image database. To validate the proposed architecture, mobile and web applications have been developed. These applications use the image recognition technology provided by the OpenCV library for the detection of the keypoints and matching of the images. The application extracts the descriptor of the input image using the Speed Up Robust Features (SURF) method and compares this descriptor against the image database for matching using a Euclidean distance based on the nearest-neighbor approach. The initial tests have achieved a reliability of 98 %.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bay H, Ess A, Tuytelaars T, Van Gool L (2008) Speeded-up robust features (SURF). J Comput Vis Image Underst arch 110(3):346–359. doi:10.1007/11744023_32
Bay H, Fasel B, Van Gool L (2006) Interactive museum guide: fast and robust recognition of museum objects. Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Mobile Vision (IMV’06), Graz, Austria.
Bay H, Tuytelaars T, Van Gool L (2006) SURF: Speeded Up Robust Features. Proceedings of the ninth European Conference on Computer Vision, 3951:404–417. doi:10.1007/11744023_32
Churchfield S (1990) The natural history of shrews. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, New York
Ke Y, Sukthankar R (2004) PCA-SIFT: a more distinctive representation for local image descriptors. Comput Vis Pattern Recognit. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2004.1315206
Kim Y, Park J, Moon I, Oh C (2014) Performance analysis of ORB image matching based on android. Int J Softw Eng Appl 8(3):11–20
Lee Y, Kim Y (2015) Efficient image retrieval using advanced SURF and DCD on mobile platform. Multimedia Tools and Appl 74:2289–2299. doi:10.1007/s11042-014-2129-5
Loos A, Ernst A (2013) An automated chimpanzee identification system using face detection and recognition. EURASIP J Image and Video Process 2013(49):1–17. doi:10.1186/1687-5281-2013-49
Lowe D G (1999) Object recognition from local scale-invariant features. Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, 2:1150–1157. doi:10.1109/ICCV.1999.790410
Lowe D (2004) Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. Int J Comput Vis 60(2):91–110. doi:10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94
Mikolajczyk K, Schmid C (2005) A performance evaluation of local descriptors. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 27(10):1615–1630. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.2005.188
Murphy K, Torralba A, Eaton D, Freeman W (2006) Object detection and localization using local and global features. Toward Category-Level Object Recognition, LNCS 4170:382–400. doi:10.1007/11957959_20
Rublee E, Rabaud V, Konolige K, Bradski G (2011) ORB: an efficient alternative to SIFT or SURF. In: IEEE international conference on computer vision (ICCV), pp. 2564–2571. doi:10.1109/ICCV.2011.6126544
Ruf B, Kokiopoulou E, Detyniecki M (2008) Mobile museum guide based on Fast SIFT recognition. In: Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval. Identifying, Summarizing, and Recommending Image and Music. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Volume 5811 of the series Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 170–183. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14758-6_14
Sixta T. Image and Video-based Recognition of Natural Objects. Diploma Thesis. Czech Technical University in Prague. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, pages 50, Prague, 2011.
Swain M, Ballard D (1991) Color indexing. Int J Comput Vis 7(1):11–32. doi:10.1007/BF00130487
Tuytelaars T, Mikolajczyk K (2008) Local invariant features detectors: a survey. J Found Trends in Comput, Graph Vis arch 3(3):177–280. doi:10.1561/0600000017a
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank A. Quiroga Bertolin for helpful support in the first prototype implementation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Otero, B., Rodriguez, E. & Ventura, J. SURF-based mammalian species identification system. Multimed Tools Appl 76, 10133–10147 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3602-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3602-0