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Antihyperglycemic activity of 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats

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Abstract

Background

Diabetic Mellitus is characterized by a lack or failure of insulin to bind to its target receptor or failure of the pancreas to yield insulin. This study evaluated the antihyperglycemic activity of 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide on streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Diabetic conditions were induced by administering streptozotocin at a dosage of 45 mg/kg body weight and nicotinamide at a dosage of 110 mg/kg body weight through intraperitoneal injection.

Materials and methods

Diabetic-induced rats were treated with 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide concentrations between 10 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The blood glucose level and body weight of the rats were periodically examined. The pancreas was isolated and the histopathological staining was performed after making fine sections of the pancreas using a microtome. The influence of 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide on the expression level of various insulin signaling cascades was determined with q-PCR and western blotting.

Results

The blood glucose level of the diabetic-induced rats was significantly (p < 0.05) higher when compared with the control group and resulted in a drop in the blood glucose level of the diabetic rats. Oral glucose level was also reduced in the treatment group and no significant reduction was noted in the untreated. The lipid profiling revealed that the atherogenic index and cholesterol ratio was increased in the diabetic group over the control group. Upregulation of the insulin cascades like IRTK and GLUT4 was observed by the q-PCR and upregulation of GLUT4 and IR-β was observed by the western blot analysis.

Conclusion

Overall, the finding indicates that 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide exhibited antihyperglycemic activity by modulating the expression of insulin cascades.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study areavailable from the corresponding author upon request.

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This study didn’t receive any specific funding from public, corporate, or not-for-profit funding entities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Padalam, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603308, India

    Nagalakshmi Kamaraj

  2. Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India

    Kadhirmathiyan Velumani & Praveen Kumar Issac

  3. Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India

    Ajay Guru

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  1. Nagalakshmi Kamaraj
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  3. Ajay Guru
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  4. Praveen Kumar Issac
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NK, PKI, KV: study design, manuscript preparation, result analysis.

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Correspondence to Ajay Guru or Praveen Kumar Issac.

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Kamaraj, N., Velumani, K., Guru, A. et al. Antihyperglycemic activity of 14-deoxy, 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Mol Biol Rep 50, 9875–9886 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08878-4

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