Abstract
Modeling severe acute respiratory syndrome, Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in stem cell-derived organoids has helped in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease due to their resemblance to actual human tissues or organs. Over the past decade, organoid 3-dimensional (3D) cultures have represented a new perspective and considerable advancement over traditional in vitro 2-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. COVID-19 disease causes lung injury and multi-organ failure leading to death, especially in older patients. There is an urgent need for physiological models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic. Human stem cell-derived organoids can provide insight into understanding the SARS-CoV-2 cell entry molecular mechanism. Identifying such complexities will help to develop the best preventive drug targets.
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Abbreviations
- SARS-CoV-2:
-
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus SARS 2
- ISGs:
-
Interferon-gamma stimulated genes
- iPSCs:
-
induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
- ASCs:
-
Adult Stem Cells
- ESCs:
-
Embryonic Stem Cells
- hPSCs:
-
human Pluripotent Stem Cells
- ACE2:
-
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- TMPRSS2:
-
Transmembrane serine proteinase 2
- AT2:
-
Alveolar type II
- MPA:
-
Mycophenolic Acid
- hBO:
-
human Bronchial Organoids
- hBEpC:
-
human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
- hrsACE2:
-
human recombinant soluble ACE2
- LTL:
-
Lotus Tetraglobus Lectin
- hSIOs:
-
human Small Intestine Organoids
- ChP:
-
Choroid Plexus
- CORGs:
-
Cerebral Organoids
- NPCs:
-
Neural Progenitor Cells
- RBD:
-
Receptor-Binding Domain
- PPC:
-
Proprotein Convertase motif
- EMMPRIN:
-
Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer
- CatB/L:
-
proteases Cathepsin B and L
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. David Vocadlo for his support. L.D.N appreciates Dr. Josef Penninger and Dr. Lisa Julian for their comments and guidance. L.D.N is grateful to PE. Aryan for her encouragement.
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The main draft of the manuscript was designed and written by L.D.N and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. L.D.N prepared the figures and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Dawoody Nejad, L., Julian, L.M. Stem cell-derived organoid models for SARS-CoV-2 and its molecular interaction with host cells. Mol Biol Rep 50, 10627–10635 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08785-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08785-8