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Cinnamaldehyde affects lipid droplets metabolism after adipogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells

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Abstract

Background

Based on our previous research conducted on cinnamaldehyde (CA) exhibiting its ability to improve the growth performance of fattening pigs and the adipogenesis induction model of C2C12 cells constructed in our laboratory, we explored the effects of CA on the generation and development of lipid droplets (LDs) in adipogenic differentiated C2C12 cells.

Methods and results

C2C12 cells were treated with either 0.4 mM or 0.8 mM CA. BODIPY staining and triglyceride measurements were conducted to observe the morphology of LDs, and Western blotting was used to measure the expression of their metabolism-related proteins. The results showed that the average number of LDs in the CA treatment groups was more than the control group (P < 0.05), whereas the average LD size and triglyceride content decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of fusion-related genes in the LDs of the CA treatment group significantly decreased, while decomposition-related genes and autophagy-related genes in the LDs in C2C12 cells significantly increased (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Cinnamaldehyde promoted the decomposition and autophagy of lipid droplets in C2C12 cells and inhibited the fusion of lipid droplets.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin under Grant [18JCQNJC15100], the Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project under Grant [19ZXZYSN00120, 22ZYCGSN00130], The Pig Industry Technology System Innovation Team in Tianjin under Grant [ITTPRS2021005], the Financial Seed Industry Innovation Research Project of Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences [2022ZYCX009], Gansu Livelihood Science and Technology Project [20210306NCC0180], and the grants from State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition of China.

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Author notes

  1. Yanrong Liu, Zhengqun Liu and Qiang Luo have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Animal husbandry and veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Science, 300381, Tianjin, China

    Yanrong Liu, Zhengqun Liu, Qiang Luo, Zhuwen Sun, Ning Li, Zi Zheng, Shuqin Mu & Jun Yan

  2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China

    Yanrong Liu, Zhuwen Sun, Jun Yan & Chao Sun

  3. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193, Beijing, China

    Zhengqun Liu, Jun Yan & Hongfu Zhang

  4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266109, Qingdao, China

    Xiaoqiao Zhou

  5. Shaanxi Province Livestock Technology Promotion Station, 710000, Shaanxi, China

    Qiang Luo

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  1. Yanrong Liu
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Contributions

Y. L., Q. L., Z. L and. X. Z performed the experiment and prepared the draft article; Z. S. and N. L. analyzed data; S. M., Z. Z., and H. Z. provided guidance for the study, J. Y. and C. S. designed the experiment, and acquired funding. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jun Yan or Chao Sun.

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Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Luo, Q. et al. Cinnamaldehyde affects lipid droplets metabolism after adipogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Mol Biol Rep 50, 2033–2039 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-08101-w

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