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The first complete mitochondrial genome sequences for Ulidiidae and phylogenetic analysis of Diptera

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Abstract

Background

Tetanops sintenisi is a pest that mainly damages the root of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and it is first discovered in China in 2018.

Methods and Results

Here, the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of T. sintenisi was sequenced and compared with the mitogenomes of other Diptera species. The results revealed that the mitogenome of T. sintenisi is 15,763 bp in length (GenBank accession number: MT795181) and is comprised of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a non-coding A + T-rich region (959 bp). The highly conserved gene arrangement of the mitogenome of T. sintenisi was identical to that of other Diptera insects. Twelve PCGs contained the typical insect start codon ATN, while cox1 had CGA as the start codon. The genes cox2, nad4, and nad1 contained an incomplete termination codon T; nad3, nad5, and cob contained the complete termination codon TAG; and the remaining seven PCGs contained the termination codon TAA. All tRNA genes were predicted to fold into the typical cloverleaf secondary structure. Phylogenetic analysis of 48 species based on the mitogenome sequence revealed that T. sintenisi clustered with the Tephritidae family, indicating that T. sintenisi and Tephritidae have a close phylogenetic relationship.

Conclusions

The phylogenetic relationship of T. sintenisi based on the mitogenome is consistent with the traditional morphological taxonomy, according to which T. sintenisi belongs to the family Otitidae, which is closely related to the family Muscidae.

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Data Availability

The genome sequence data that support the findings of this study are openly available in GenBank of NCBI at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank under the accession no. MT795181. The associated BioProject, SRA, and Bio-Sample numbers are PRJNA757578, SRR15725549, and SAMN20968555, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Wenna Wang for assistance in completing the experiments. This research was financially supported by the construction of modern agricultural (coarse cereals) industrial technology system in Shanxi Province (2022-03), the Foundation of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YCX2018D2T02) and the Province Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi (201903D221014).

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Author notes

  1. The authors Kun Xing and Chen Kang contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, 030031, Taiyuan, China

    Kun Xing, Chen Kang & Fei Zhao

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Contributions

Conceptualization, K.X.; Formal analysis, K.X. and C.K.; Funding acquisition, F.Z.; Methodology, K.X and C.K.; Project administration, F.Z.; Writing-original draft, K.X. and C.K.; Writing-review and editing, X.J.Z and F.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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Correspondence to Fei Zhao.

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Xing, K., Kang, C. & Zhao, F. The first complete mitochondrial genome sequences for Ulidiidae and phylogenetic analysis of Diptera. Mol Biol Rep 50, 2501–2510 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07869-1

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