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Plant viral proteins and fibrillarin: the link to complete the infective cycle

Molecular Biology Reports volume 48, pages 4677–4686 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

The interaction between viruses with the nucleolus is already a well-defined field of study in plant virology. This interaction is not restricted to those viruses that replicate in the nucleus, in fact, RNA viruses that replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm express proteins that localize in the nucleolus. Some positive single stranded RNA viruses from animals and plants have been reported to interact with the main nucleolar protein, Fibrillarin. Among nucleolar proteins, Fibrillarin is an essential protein that has been conserved in sequence and function throughout evolution. Fibrillarin is a methyltransferase protein with more than 100 methylation sites in the pre-ribosomal RNA, involved in multiple cellular processes, including initiation of transcription, oncogenesis, and apoptosis, among others. Recently, it was found that AtFib2 shows a ribonuclease activity. In plant viruses, Fibrillarin is involved in long-distance movement and cell-to-cell movement, being two highly different processes. The mechanism that Fibrillarin performs is still unknown. However, and despite belonging to very different viral families, the majority comply with the following. (1) They are positive single stranded RNA viruses; (2) encode different types of viral proteins that partially localize in the nucleolus; (3) interacts with Fibrillarin exporting it to the cytoplasm; (4) the viral protein-Fibrillarin interaction forms an RNP complex with the viral RNA and; (5) Fibrillarin depletion affects the infective cycle of the virus. Here we review the relationship of those plant viruses with Fibrillarin interaction, with special focus on the molecular processes of the virus to sequester Fibrillarin to complete its infective cycle.

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Funding

This research was funded by CONACYT project FC 1572 and CB-2016-286730-Z-0142.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán, México

    Stefano Decle-Carrasco & Enrique Castano

  2. Unidad de Biotecnología. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C. Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán, México

    Luis Carlos Rodríguez-Zapata

Authors
  1. Stefano Decle-Carrasco
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  2. Luis Carlos Rodríguez-Zapata
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  3. Enrique Castano
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Contributions

Stefano Decle, contributed with the writing and research for the review.

Dr. Luis Carlos Contributed with the editing and managing.

Dr. Enrique Castano Defined the subject rewrite and overall management of the review and defined the model.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enrique Castano.

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Decle-Carrasco, S., Rodríguez-Zapata, L.C. & Castano, E. Plant viral proteins and fibrillarin: the link to complete the infective cycle. Mol Biol Rep 48, 4677–4686 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06401-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06401-1

Keywords

  • GAR domain
  • Long-distance movement
  • Cell-to-cell movement
  • Fibrillarin
  • Nucleolus
  • Plant viruses