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Molecular phylogeny, pathogenic variability and phytohormone production of Fusarium species associated with bakanae disease of rice in temperate agro-ecosystems

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Abstract

Bakanae is the emerging disease threating the rice cultivation globally. Yield reduction of 4–70% is recorded in different parts of the world. A total of 119 Fusarium isolates were collected from rice plants at different geographical locations and seeds of different rice cultivars. The isolates were evaluated for morphological, biochemical and pathogenic diversity. The amplification of TEF-1α gene was carried out for exploring the species spectrum associated with the cultivated and pre-released rice varieties. The production of gibberellin varied from 0.53 to 2.26 µg/25 ml, while as that of Indole acetic acid varied from 0.60 to 3.15 µg/25 ml among the Fusarium isolates. The phylogenetic analysis identified 5 different species of the genus Fusarium viz. Fusarium fujikuroi, F. proliferatum, F. equiseti, F.oxysporum and F. persicinum after nucleotide blasting in NCBI. Only two Fusarium spp. F. fujikuroi and F. proliferatum were found to be pathogenic under virulence assays of the isolates. The isolates showed a considerable variation in morphological and pathogenic characters. The isolates were divided into different groups based on morphology and pathogenicity tests. The isolates showed a considerable variation in morphology, phytohormone profile and virulence indicative of population diversity. Three species F. equiseti, F.oxysporum and F. persicinum which have not been reported as pathogens of rice in India were found to be associated with bakanae disease of rice, however their pathogenicity could not be established.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are highly thankful to Dean, Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, for providing necessary facilities for conducting the research work and for his valuable suggestions during the course of study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SKUAST-Kashmir, Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Srinagar, J&K, India

    F. A. Mohiddin, Arif Hussain Bhat, M. S. Dar, Asif B. Shikari, Najeebur Rehman Sofi, Ashaq Hussain & N. A. Bhat

  2. SKUAST-Kashmir Department of Plant Pathology, FoA, Sopore, J&K, India

    Rukhsanah Majid & F. A. Bhat

  3. Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture Plant Pathology, Srinagar, J&K, India

    Sajad un Nabi

  4. SKUAST-Kashmir, Seed Pathology, Srinagar, J&K, India

    Aflaq Hamid

  5. SKUAST-Kashmir MCRS, Sagam, Srinagar, J&K, India

    M. Ashraf Ahanger

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  1. F. A. Mohiddin
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Contributions

Conceptualization: F. A. Mohiddin, Rukhsanah Majid, Ashraf Ahanger and Asif B. Shikari. Methodology: F. A. Mohiddin, Aflaq Hamid and Ashraf Ahanger. Formal analysis and investigation: Rukhsanah Majid, F. A. Mohiddin, Arif Hussain Bhat, M. S. Dar & Sajad-un-Nabi. Writing—original draft preparation: Rukhsanah Majid and F. A. Mohiddin. Writing—review and editing: Arif Hussain Bhat and F. A. Mohiddin. Resources: Najeebur Rehman, Ashaq Hussain and N. A. Bhat. Supervision: F. A. Mohiddin, Ashraf Ahanger and F. A. Bhat.

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Correspondence to Arif Hussain Bhat.

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Mohiddin, F.A., Majid, R., Bhat, A.H. et al. Molecular phylogeny, pathogenic variability and phytohormone production of Fusarium species associated with bakanae disease of rice in temperate agro-ecosystems. Mol Biol Rep 48, 3173–3184 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06337-6

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