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Comparative transcriptomic analyses of normal and peloric mutant flowers in Cymbidium goeringii Rchb.f identifies differentially expressed genes associated with floral development

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Abstract

Cymbidium geringii has high ornamental and economic importance. Its traits, including flower shape, size, and color, are highly sought by orchid breeders. Gaining insights into the molecular basis of C. geringi flower development would accelerate genetic improvement of other orchids. Methods and Results: Here, C. goeringii RNA was purified from normal and peloric mutant flowers, and cDNA libraries constructed for Illumina sequencing. We generated 329,156,782 clean reads, integrated them, and then assembled into 236,811 unigenes averaging 595 bp long. A total of 11,992 differentially expressed genes s, of which 6119 were upregulated and 5873 downregulated, were uncovered in peloric mutant flower buds relative to normal flower buds. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment assessments posited that these differentially expressed genes are associated with “Photosynthesis”, “Linoleic acid metabolism”, as well as “Plant hormone signal transduction” cascades. The DEGs were designated to 12 remarkably enriched GO terms, and 16 cell wall associated GO terms. The expression level of 16 determined genes were verified using RT-qPCR. Conclusions: Our gene expression data may be used to study the regulatory mechanism of flower organ development in C. geringi.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31801891, 41907213), the Tree Breeding Project of Zhejiang Province, China (2016C02065).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Yue Chen & Chongbo Sun

  2. Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

    Qi Shen

  3. College of Modern Science and Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Junwei Sun

  4. Institute of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Qian Liu

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  1. Qi Shen
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Correspondence to Yue Chen.

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11033_2021_6216_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Electronic supplementary material 1 (TIF 9707 kb) Fig. S1 Flowers of both wild-type and peloric mutant flowers of Cymbidium goeringii. (A) Wild-type flower of C. goeringii. The flowers have three sepals and three petals. One petal is morphologically different in structure and is known as the lip. The male and female reproductive parts are fused in a structure, the column, in the center of the flower. (B) Peloric mutant flower of C. goeringii has three sepals, three lip-like petals, an arching column. S (sepal), P (petal), L (Lip).

11033_2021_6216_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Electronic supplementary material 2 (TIF 473 kb) Fig. S2 Expression validation of the key genes that participate in flowering and the hormonal network.

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Shen, Q., Chen, Y., Sun, J. et al. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of normal and peloric mutant flowers in Cymbidium goeringii Rchb.f identifies differentially expressed genes associated with floral development. Mol Biol Rep 48, 2123–2132 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06216-0

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