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Fucoxanthinol attenuates oxidative stress-induced atrophy and loss in myotubes and reduces the triacylglycerol content in mature adipocytes

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Abstract

The combination of sarcopenia and obesity (i.e., sarcopenic obesity) is more strongly associated with disability and metabolic/cardiovascular diseases than obesity or sarcopenia alone. Therefore, countermeasures that simultaneously suppress fat gain and muscle atrophy to prevent an increase in sarcopenic obesity are warranted. The aim of this study was to investigate the simultaneous effects of fucoxanthinol (FXOH) on fat loss in mature adipocytes and the inhibition of atrophy and loss in myotubes induced by oxidative stress. C2C12 myotubes were treated with FXOH for 24 h and further incubated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 h. The area of myosin heavy chain-positive myotubes and the ROS concentration were measured. Mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with FXOH for 72 h. The triacylglycerol (TG) content and glycerol and fatty acid (FA) release were biochemically measured. The myotube area was smaller in H2O2-treated cells than that in control cells. However, FXOH protected against the H2O2-induced decreases in myotube area. Further, the ROS concentration was significantly higher in the FXOH-treated cells compared with that in the control cells, although it was significantly lower than that in the H2O2-treated cells. On the other hand, in the mature adipocytes, the TG content was significantly decreased by FXOH treatment compared to that in the control. Moreover, FXOH treatment significantly increased glycerol and FA release compared with that of the control. These results suggest that FXOH inhibits H2O2-induced atrophy and loss in myotubes and activates lipolysis and decreases the TG content in mature adipocytes. Accordingly, FXOH has the potential to exert anti-sarcopenic obesity effects.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (#26702029 and #18K19762 to TH) and funding from TOYO INSTITUTE of FOOD TECHNOLOGY.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan

    Maki Yoshikawa & Takeshi Hashimoto

  2. Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan

    Masashi Hosokawa & Kazuo Miyashita

  3. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan

    Takashi Fujita

  4. Kyoto Prefecture University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

    Hoyoku Nishino

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  1. Maki Yoshikawa
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  2. Masashi Hosokawa
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Correspondence to Takeshi Hashimoto.

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Yoshikawa, M., Hosokawa, M., Miyashita, K. et al. Fucoxanthinol attenuates oxidative stress-induced atrophy and loss in myotubes and reduces the triacylglycerol content in mature adipocytes. Mol Biol Rep 47, 2703–2711 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05369-8

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