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Stem cell therapy: old challenges and new solutions

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Abstract

Stem cell therapy (SCT), born as therapeutic revolution to replace pharmacological treatments, remains a hope and not yet an effective solution. Accordingly, stem cells cannot be conceivable as a “canonical” drug, because of their unique biological properties. A new reorientation in this field is emerging, based on a better understanding of stem cell biology and use of cutting-edge technologies and innovative disciplines. This will permit to solve the gaps, failures, and long-term needs, such as the retention, survival and integration of stem cells, by employing pharmacology, genetic manipulation, biological or material incorporation. Consequently, the clinical applicability of SCT for chronic human diseases will be extended, as well as its effectiveness and success, leading to long-awaited medical revolution. Here, some of these aspects are summarized, reviewing and discussing recent advances in this rapidly developing research field.

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Fig. 1

reproduced from the article by Tewary et al. (2018) with permission from Springer Nature]

Fig. 2

reproduced from the article by Bellin et al. (2012) with permission from Springer Nature]

Fig. 3
Fig. 4

reproduced from the article by Ong et al. (2018) with permission from Springer Nature]

Fig. 5

reproduced from the open-access article by Yuan et al. (2018) distributed by Frontiers Open Access Publisher under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)]

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Abbreviations

ASC:

Adipose stem cells

ATMPs:

Advanced therapy medicinal products

BMMNC:

Bone marrow derived mononuclear cells

EPC:

Endothelial progenitor cells

ES:

Embryonic stem cells

HSPCs:

Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells

HSC:

Hematopoietic stem cells

iPSC:

Induced pluripotent cells

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

PBMC:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

RegMed:

Regenerative medicine

SCT:

Stem cell therapy

UCMSC:

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

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Author notes

  1. Carmela Rita Balistreri and Alexander Vaiserman have contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy

    Carmela Rita Balistreri

  2. Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Elena De Falco & Antonella Bordin

  3. Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy

    Elena De Falco

  4. National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Olga Maslova

  5. D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Alexander Koliada & Alexander Vaiserman

Authors
  1. Carmela Rita Balistreri
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  2. Elena De Falco
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  3. Antonella Bordin
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  4. Olga Maslova
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  5. Alexander Koliada
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  6. Alexander Vaiserman
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Correspondence to Carmela Rita Balistreri.

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Balistreri, C.R., De Falco, E., Bordin, A. et al. Stem cell therapy: old challenges and new solutions. Mol Biol Rep 47, 3117–3131 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05353-2

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