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New set of microsatellite markers for the Great-billed Seed-finch (Sporophila maximiliani – Passeriformes: Thraupidae): tools for inspection and conservation

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Abstract

The Thraupidae family is one of the most wanted by bird breeders in Brazil because it is represented by its diverse, colorful and melodious singers. The Great-billed Seed-finch, Sporophila maximiliani, is the only representative of the genus Sporophila considered critically endangered in Brazil. Due to the demands of environmental agencies and of conservation programs, there is a need to increase the number of molecular markers available for the genus and specially for S. maximiliani. Therefore, this work aimed to provide a new set of microsatellite markers for S. maximiliani in order to help bird breeders and environmental agencies on fulfilling its demands as well as contributing with extra genetics tools for conservation programs of the S. maximiliani. Of the 30 markers developed, 25 successfully amplified, and 22 were polymorphic. Annealing temperature varied from 52 to 64 °C, number of alleles from 2 to 13, and the medium allele richness was 7.25 and medium expected, observed heterozygosity and PIC were, respectively, 0.812, 0.661 and 0.752. The probability of identity estimate was 8.54 × 10–27 and all the other probabilities of non-exclusion (sib-identity, parent pair and first-parent) were < 0.001, indicating that this set of microsatellite markers have high genetic variability and high power of individual genetic differentiation for S. maximiliani. Therefore, this work increases the options of molecular markers to be used on inspection for environmental agencies and for conservation programs on analyzing genetic variability and population studies for S. maximiliani.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) for the partnership, especially the Wild Animals Triage Center of Goiás State (CETAS/GO) which was responsible for providing the S. maximiliani specimens studied in this work. We are extremely grateful for Fundação Grupo Boticário de Proteção à Natureza for their financial support (project number 1085_20162) and Instituto Boitatá for the logistic support. AAM has a graduate scholarship funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), MPCT and EK are also supported by productivity Grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico–CNPq. PRONEX CP N. 06/2016 (FAPEG/CNPq). This work is in the context of the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia–Ecologia, Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade (INCT_EECBio).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Amanda A. de Melo & Mariana P. de C. Telles

  2. Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Evanguedes Kalapothakis & Sandra Ludwig

  3. Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres de Goiás (CETAS/GO – IBAMA), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Luiz Alfredo M. L. Baptista, Mariana P. Lara & Leo C. F. Silva

  4. Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-Goiás), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Mariana P. de C. Telles

Authors
  1. Amanda A. de Melo
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  2. Evanguedes Kalapothakis
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  3. Sandra Ludwig
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  4. Luiz Alfredo M. L. Baptista
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  5. Mariana P. Lara
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  6. Leo C. F. Silva
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  7. Mariana P. de C. Telles
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mariana P. de C. Telles.

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Ethical approval

Collecting licenses of the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (SISBIO numbers 36874 and 55534–3), licensing from the Instituto Estadual de Florestas (Number 024/2016) of Brazil. The work was also approved by the Ethics Commission on Animal Use of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (CEUA-UFMG #37/2017) and of the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (CEUA PUC-Goiás #4735011019).

Protocol for studies on birds

All the procedures for collecting samples were assisted by a veterinarian and we followed the descriptions for handling and collecting bird samples from a national well stablished laboratory specialized in animal genetics analysis—Unigen laboratory. The instructions followed are available on their website: (https://www.unigen.com.br/animais/coleta_amostras.html) on the tab "Como coletar sangue ou penas para sexagem".

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de Melo, A.A., Kalapothakis, E., Ludwig, S. et al. New set of microsatellite markers for the Great-billed Seed-finch (Sporophila maximiliani – Passeriformes: Thraupidae): tools for inspection and conservation. Mol Biol Rep 47, 2997–3002 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05320-x

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