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Betaine accumulation suppresses the de-novo synthesis of ectoine at a low osmotic concentration in Halomonas sp SBS 10, a bacterium with broad salinity tolerance

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Abstract

The study aims to find out osmoadaptive mechanism used to overcome the salinity stress by Halomonas sp SBS 10 isolated from the saltern crystallizer ponds of the Sambhar Salt Lake and its taxonomic position using neighbor-joining algorithm. The strain SBS 10 was tested for accumulation of two major compatable solutes betaine and ectoine and was observed that osmoprotection in the strain SBS 10 is achieved by the accumulation of betaine or by the de-novo synthesis of betaine or ectoine. Amount of endogenous content of the betaine and ectoine per milligram of cell biomass was estimated to be 581 µg, 587 µg, 588 µg, 617 µg, and 761 µg for betaine and 1.52 µg, 2.74 µg, 3.14 µg, 3.50 µg, and 52.67 µg for ectoine, when exposed to 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of NaCl concentration. Results obtained from HPLC analysis showed that the betaine accumulation suppresses the de-novo synthesis of ectoine partially at low NaCl concentration in the growth medium. However, at a high NaCl concentration, the ectoine concentration increases abruptly as compared to the betaine. This indicates that the ectoine accumulation is transcriptionally up-regulated by the salinity stress. Phylogenetic analysis based on the neighbor-joining algorithm included the strain SBS 10 in the genus Halomonas of the family Halomonadaceae belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria. Most closely related type strain was found to be Halomonas gudaonensis SL014B-69T (98.2% similarity). Ultrastructure characteristics showed the strain to be non-spore forming rod, 0.3–0.4 × 0.75–1.65 μm in size and motile with the help of peritrichous flagella.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (MTCC), Chandigarh and Belgium Co-ordinate Collection of Microorganism (BCCM), Gent, Belgium for providing necessary facilities for deposition of culture in general repository. The authors would also like to thank MNIT, Jaipur for Transmission Electron Microscopy facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India

    Bijayendra Kushwaha, Indrani Jadhav & Hriday Narain Verma

  2. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Anjali Geethadevi & Deepak Parashar

  3. School of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India

    Kapilesh Jadhav

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  1. Bijayendra Kushwaha
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Correspondence to Deepak Parashar or Kapilesh Jadhav.

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Kushwaha, B., Jadhav, I., Verma, H.N. et al. Betaine accumulation suppresses the de-novo synthesis of ectoine at a low osmotic concentration in Halomonas sp SBS 10, a bacterium with broad salinity tolerance. Mol Biol Rep 46, 4779–4786 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04924-2

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