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Geographic distribution of phylogenetically-distinct legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae)

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Abstract

Maruca vitrata Fabricius is a pantropical lepidopteran pest of legumes. Phylogenetic analysis of a mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase-I gene (cox1) fragment indicates that three Maruca sp. mitochondrial lineages have unique geographic distributions [lineages 1 and 2: Australia, Taiwan, and West Africa (Niger, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso), and lineage 3: Puerto Rico]. The haplotype (T30, T114) is specific to lineages 1&2 and was assayed by NsiI and SacI polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) within population samples; it was not observed in the Puerto Rican samples, but was nearly fixed among samples from West Africa, Australia and Taiwan (85.5–100%). Re-sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of PCR-RFLP defined cox1 haplotypes indicate that nucleotide diversity is highest among samples from West Africa. Phylogenetic reconstruction based upon ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) sequences provided additional evidence for three Maruca sp. clades. These data suggest that multiple unique Maruca species or subspecies are present worldwide, which has implications for the management of this pest species-complex.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by a U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Bean/Cowpea Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) funding to LLM, BRP, IB, CBD, and MFI. VM was supported by a dissertation fellowship from Purdue University. Funding support to BRP, CBD, MB, IB, LLM, and MFI was also partly provided from Dry Grains Pulses Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) by the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade, U.S. Agency for International Development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, Purdue University, 901 W State St., Smith Hall, W Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Venu M. Margam, John T. Shukle & Larry L. Murdock

  2. Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA–ARS, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Brad S. Coates & Richard L. Hellmich

  3. Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Station de Kamboinsé, 01 BP 476, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso

    Malick N. Ba & Clementine L. Binso-Dabire

  4. Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61801, USA

    Weilin Sun & Barry R. Pittendrigh

  5. Institut National de Recherche Agronomique du Niger, Maradi, Niger

    Ibrahim Baoua

  6. Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, PMB 1044, Zaria, Nigeria

    Mohammad F. Ishiyaku

  7. University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR, USA

    Fernando G. Covas

  8. AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan

    Srinivasan Ramasamy

  9. CSIRO Entomology, Black Mountain, ACT, Australia

    Joel Armstrong

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  1. Venu M. Margam
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11033_2010_182_MOESM1_ESM.doc

Supplemental Fig. S1: Alignment of a 500 bp mitochondrial coxI fragment and corresponding translation obtained from Maruca sp. samples from Taiwan (TAI), Nigeria (NA), and Puerto Rico (PR). Only variable nucleotide positions are indicated, and non-synonymous changes in the peptide sequence are highlighted. The NsiI (ATGCAT) and SacI (GAGCTC) restriction endonuclease recognition sites that are diagnostic for differentiation of Maruca sp. from non-Puerto Rican locations are underlined. (DOC 28 kb)

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Margam, V.M., Coates, B.S., Ba, M.N. et al. Geographic distribution of phylogenetically-distinct legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae). Mol Biol Rep 38, 893–903 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0182-3

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