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Toll-like receptor 9 agonists up-regulates the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 via activation of NF-κB in prostate cancer cells

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Abstract

CpG-oligonucleotides (CpG-ODNs), mimicking bacterial DNA, have recently been shown to stimulate prostate cancer invasion in vitro via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). Since cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), frequently overexpressed in multiple tumor types including prostate cancer, is a causal factor for tumor development, invasion and metastasis, an interesting question is raised whether TLR9 regulates COX-2 expression in prostate cancer cells. To address this question, herein we examined COX-2 expression in PC-3 cells stimulated with different doses and time courses of CpG-ODNs. The regulatory role of NF-κB in TLR9-mediated COX-2 expression was also investigated. CpG-ODN was found to up-regulate the expression of COX-2 in PC-3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but have little impact on COX-1 expression. Moreover, CpG-ODN also promoted nuclear translocation and activation of NF-κB, which appeared to be required for COX-2 induction by CpG-ODN. Overall, TLR9 up-regulates COX-2 expression in prostate cancer cells, at least partially through the activation of NF-κB, which may be implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600# Tianhe Road, 510630, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Jin Ming Di, Jun Pang, Qi Peng Sun, Yan Zhang, You Qiang Fang, Xiao Pen Liu, Jian Hua Zhou, Xing Xing Ruan & Xin Gao

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  1. Jin Ming Di
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  2. Jun Pang
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  9. Xin Gao
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Correspondence to Xin Gao.

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Di, J.M., Pang, J., Sun, Q.P. et al. Toll-like receptor 9 agonists up-regulates the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 via activation of NF-κB in prostate cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 37, 1849–1855 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-009-9620-5

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