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Isolation and characterization of TaQsd1 genes for period of dormancy in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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Abstract

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) can result in obvious reduction of wheat grain yield and quality. Based on the sequence of barley Qsd1 gene, three homologs in common wheat were isolated, designated TaQsd1-5A, TaQsd1-5B, and TaQsd1-5D, respectively. Two CAPS (QSD1 and QSD3) and one KASP (QSD2) markers for TaQsd1-5B were developed and validated both in a natural population consisting of 351 wheat varieties and one RIL population from the cross of Yangxiaomai × Zhongyou 9507. The marker QSD1 co-segregated with a major QTL for the period of dormancy (PD) in the RIL population. The transcript levels of TaQsd1-5B were significantly higher in long-dormancy varieties (lines) than in short-dormancy varieties (lines) during seed imbibition, which is consistent with the activity of the AlaAT enzyme encoded by TaQsd1-5B. Meanwhile, we also found higher expression levels of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes and higher endogenous ABA contents, but lower expression levels of genes for ABA catabolism in long-dormancy varieties. The allele TaQsd1-5Ba associated with longer PD was more frequently present in Chinese landrace wheats, compared with Chinese modern cultivars and foreign germplasms. These findings provide important insight into understanding the regulatory mechanism of TaQsd1 with respect to PD and molecular markers for improvement of PHS resistance in wheat breeding programs.

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Author contribution statement

HPZ and CC initiated the project, and designed the experiment; WXW, XYM, and HJ conducted TaQsd1 isolation and allelic analysis, as well as gene-specific markers development and validation. WXW and HPZ prepared the manuscript; JJC and LL performed association and linkage mapping analysis; SYS, JFW, SXW, and YLZ performed phenotype tests and analysis; JL and HQS assisted in assaying all the GI and FS phenotypes; XCX and CXM revised this paper; all authors provided comments and revisions of the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871608), the National key research and development plan “Breeding new wheat varieties with high-yielding, high-quality and water-saving in the south of Huang-Huai River winter wheat area” - the breeding of new wheat germplasm and varieties with resistance to adversity (2017YFD0100703), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-03), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0101802, 2017YFD0100804), Wheat Genetics and Breeding Research Platform Innovation Team of Anhui’s University (2015-), Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production (JCIC-MCP), and the Agriculture Research System of Anhui province (AHCYTX-02).

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  1. Wenxin Wei and Xiaoyu Min contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China

    Wenxin Wei, Xiaoyu Min, Siyao Shan, Hao Jiang, Jiajia Cao, Li Li, Jianfeng Wang, Shengxing Wang, Yulei Zhu, Jie Lu, Hongqi Si, Xianchun Xia, Chuanxi Ma, Haiping Zhang & Cheng Chang

  2. Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China

    Xianchun Xia

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  1. Wenxin Wei
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  2. Xiaoyu Min
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Correspondence to Haiping Zhang or Cheng Chang.

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Wei, W., Min, X., Shan, S. et al. Isolation and characterization of TaQsd1 genes for period of dormancy in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Breeding 39, 150 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-019-1060-x

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