Abstract
Acylsugars are important insect defense compounds produced at high levels by glandular trichomes of the wild tomato, Solanum pennellii. Marker-assisted selection was used to select for plants containing the three AGQTL named AG3QTL, AG4QTL, and AG11QTL from self-pollinated populations derived from an interspecific backcross population of CU071026 x (CU071026 x S. pennellii LA716). High acylglucose-accumulating lines were selected from these populations that possess these three AGQTL and the fewest number of extraneous S. pennellii LA716 introgressions. Incorporation of these three acylglucose QTL in the presence of the five standard S. pennellii introgressions of CU071026 altered acylsugar level and sugar moiety, demonstrating epistatic interactions between the acylglucose QTL on both of these traits. Comparison of the lines generated from the two breeding techniques indicated the three acylglucose QTL are essential but not necessarily sufficient for the production of elevated levels of acylglucose acylsugars. Fine-mapping of AG3QTL, AG4QTL, and AG11QTL resulted in less than 1 Mbp intervals for the locations of AG4QTL and AG11QTL; proposals of the causal genes underlying these acylglucose QTL are discussed. Characterization of the fatty acid profile of lines selected out of the interspecific backcross populations revealed an increase in the proportion of acylsugar n-C10 fatty acid acyl chains, possibly governed by one or more of the three acylglucose QTL. Characterization of the acylsugar profile of acylglucose lines selected from the interspecific backcross populations also demonstrated interactions among the acylglucose QTL to further modulate the diversity of acylsugars accumulated. Evaluation of an acylglucose line and controls against the tomato insect pest Frankliniella occidentalis demonstrated that levels of resistance differed among these lines and that the acylsugars accumulated by the acylglucose line were effective at reducing both F. occidentalis oviposition and incidence of Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus. However, of some of the acylglucose lines and hybrids tested against Spodoptera exigua did not indicate differences for larval weight gain and survival.
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Abbreviations
- ai-C5:
-
2-Methylbutanoate (anteiso branched 5-carbon acyl group)
- i-C4:
-
2-Methylpropanoate (iso branched 4-carbon acyl group)
- i-C5:
-
3-Methylbutanoate (iso branched 5-carbon acyl group)
- i-C11:
-
9-Methyldecanoate (iso branched 11-carbon acyl group)
- n-C10:
-
n-Decanoate (straight chain 10-carbon acyl group)
- n-C12:
-
n-Dodecanoate (straight chain 12-carbon acyl group)
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Acknowledgments
We thank Jennifer Thaler, of Cornell University, for valuable discussions on the implications of metabolite diversity as it relates to acylsugar-mediated insect control, use of lab space for the S. exigua assays, and critical reading of the manuscript.
Funding
This project was supported in part by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2013-67013-21135 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and by a Coordinated Agricultural Project grant 2012-68004-20166 and by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project NYC-149440 (to M.A.M). Smeda was supported in part by an NSF GRFP graduate fellowship, as well as for one semester on by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-85117-20551.
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Smeda, J.R., Schilmiller, A.L., Anderson, T. et al. Combination of Acylglucose QTL reveals additive and epistatic genetic interactions and impacts insect oviposition and virus infection. Mol Breeding 38, 3 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-017-0756-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-017-0756-z