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Introgression of acylsugar chemistry QTL modifies the composition and structure of acylsugars produced by high-accumulating tomato lines

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Abstract

Acylsugars are important insect defense compounds produced at high levels by glandular trichomes of the wild tomato, Solanum pennellii. The ability to produce acylsugars at elevated levels was bred into the tomato line CU071026. This study utilized a marker-assisted backcross approach to individually introgress into CU071026 and to fine map the three quantitative trait loci (QTL) fatty acid 5 (FA5QTL), fatty acid 7 (FA7QTL), and fatty acid 8 (FA8QTL), which were previously associated with changes in acylsugar chemistry. Additional breeding with and fine mapping the previously introgressed QTL, fatty acid 2 (FA2QTL), was also conducted. The effect of these four QTL on acylsugar quality and quantity in the presence of the five introgressions of CU071026 was evaluated. Incorporation of the QTL altered acylsugar chemotype by modulating the length, orientation, and/or relative proportion of fatty acid acyl groups. The resulting quantities of acylsugar produced in most of the new lines were similar to that of CU071026; however, introgression of FA5QTL reduced acylsugar levels. The acylsugar lines containing each QTL were characterized for acylsugar level, trichome abundance, and acylsugar chemistry through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The novel acylsugar chemotype lines created can contribute to elucidation of the mechanism of insect resistance mediated by acylsugars and help with identification of yet-unknown genes contributing to acylsugar synthesis and diversity.

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Abbreviations

ai-C5:

2-Methylbutanoate (anteiso branched 5 carbon acyl group)

i-C4:

2-Methylpropanoate (iso branched 4 carbon acyl group)

i-C5:

3-Methylbutanoate (iso branched 5 carbon acyl group)

i-C10:

8-Methylnonanoate (iso branched 10 carbon acyl group)

i-C11:

9-Methyldecanoate (iso branched 11 carbon acyl group)

i-C13:

11-Methyldodecanoate (iso branched 13 carbon acyl group)

n-C10:

n-Decanoate (straight chain 10 carbon acyl group)

n-C12:

n-Dodecanoate (straight chain 12 carbon acyl group)

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Acknowledgements

We thank Andre Kessler for valuable discussions on the implications of metabolite diversity as it relates to acylsugar-mediated insect control and critical reading of the manuscript.

We also thank Darlene DeJong for critical assistance and guidance with running molecular markers and acylsugar assays.

This project was supported in part by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2013-67013-21135 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project NYC-149440 (to M.A.M), and by National Science Foundation grant IOS–1025636 (to R.L.L.). Smeda was supported in part by an NSF GRFP graduate fellowship, as well as for one semester on by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-85117-20551.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, 303 Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    John R. Smeda & Martha A. Mutschler

  2. Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Anthony L. Schilmiller

  3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Robert L. Last

  4. Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Robert L. Last

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  1. John R. Smeda
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Correspondence to Martha A. Mutschler.

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Smeda, J.R., Schilmiller, A.L., Last, R.L. et al. Introgression of acylsugar chemistry QTL modifies the composition and structure of acylsugars produced by high-accumulating tomato lines. Mol Breeding 36, 160 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-016-0584-6

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