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The periodic table of urea derivative: small molecules of zinc(II) and nickel(II) of diverse antimicrobial and antiproliferative applications

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Abstract

Two complexes of Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions with the urea derivative, 2-benzimidazolyl-urea (BZIMU), of formulae [ZnBZIMU)2(H2O)](NO3)2 (1) and [Ni(BZIMU)2(CH3CH2OH)2](NO3)2 (2) were synthesized and characterized by their melting point, elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, UV–Vis and 1H-NMR), High-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS), molar conductivity and thermogravimetric analysis. The crystal structures of 1–2 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The antiproliferative activity of 1–2 was tested in vitro against human adenocarcinoma cell lines: cervix (HeLa) and breast (MCF-7). Their toxicity was surveyed against normal human fetal lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). The bioactivity mechanism of 1–2 and their related analogues of copper and silver metallodrugs are rationalized by the means of computations. The antimicrobial activity of 1–2 against Escherichia coli (E. coli) is also evaluated.

Graphical Abstract

The complexes [ZnBZIMU)2(H2O)](NO3)2 (1) and [Ni(BZIMU)2(CH3CH2OH)2](NO3)2 (2) (BZIMU= 2-Benzimidazolyl-urea), were tested in vitro against HeLa and MCF-7 cells. Their toxicity was surveyed against normal MRC-5 cells. The association of the microbiota with the antiproliferative activity of 1–2 was investigated against Escherichia coli.

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Acknowledgements

(a) This research is supported by Afyon Kocatepe University, Scientific Research Project Commission, Project number: 13.FENED.07. The authors acknowledge Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, Sinop University, Turkey, for the use of the Bruker D8-QUEST diffractometer. (b) The Unit of Bioactivity Testing of Xenobiotics, of the University of Ioannina, Greece, is also acknowledged for providing access to the facilities. (c) CNB and SKH acknowledge the Oncology Department of Novartis Hellas S.A.C.I. for the financial support to CNB (project number: 81939). (d) The International Graduate Program in “Biological Inorganic Chemistry,” which operates at the University of Ioannina within the collaboration of the Departments of Chemistry of the Universities of Ioannina, Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras, Crete and the Department of Chemistry of the University of Cyprus (http://bic.chem.uoi.gr/BIC-En/index-en.html), is acknowledged for the stimulating discussions forum. (e) The COST Action CA15114 “Anti-Microbial Coating Innovations to prevent infectious diseases (AMICI)” is acknowledged for the stimulating discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece

    Christina N. Banti & Sotiris K. Hadjikakou

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

    Mehmet Poyraz

  3. Cancer Biobank Center, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

    I. Sainis

  4. Department of Physics Education, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey

    Musa Sari

  5. Department of Medical Physics, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

    G. Rossos & N. Kourkoumelis

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  1. Christina N. Banti
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  2. Mehmet Poyraz
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  3. I. Sainis
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Contributions

MP and SKH were involved in conceptualization; CNB, MP, ΝΚ and SKH were involved in methodology; SKH, CNB, MP and NK were involved in validation; IS, CNB, GR, NK, MP and MS were involved in investigation; MP, CNB, NK and SKH were involved in writing original draft preparation; CNB and SKH were involved in writing review and editing; SKH was involved in supervision.

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Correspondence to Sotiris K. Hadjikakou.

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Banti, C.N., Poyraz, M., Sainis, I. et al. The periodic table of urea derivative: small molecules of zinc(II) and nickel(II) of diverse antimicrobial and antiproliferative applications. Mol Divers 24, 31–43 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-018-09909-0

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