Skip to main content
Log in

Computer-aided design and synthesis of tetra-aryl-substituted alkenes and their bioevaluation as a selective modulator of estrogen-related receptor γ

  • SI - SCS-09
  • Published:
Molecular Diversity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study reports on a translational exercise in computer-aided rational drug design, chemical synthesis, and bioevaluation using a cell-based reporter gene assay, pursued exclusively for the development of specific estrogen-related receptor γ (ERR γ) inverse agonists with selectivity over estrogen receptor α (ER α). We designed and synthesized a 9-membered small-molecule collection, which has, as the key molecular framework, tetra-aryl-substituted alkene derived from 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT), a known ERR γ inverse agonist and antagonist of ER α. Although we could not achieve a more potent inverse agonist than GSK5182 from our compound collection, we demonstrated a reasonable correlation between the in silico docking simulation and biological data of transcriptional regulation on nuclear receptors. Therefore, we suggest that structural information regarding proteins-of-interest provides a novel insight into the rational design of new therapeutic agents and that the utilization of docking simulation as a preliminary filtering tool might be a useful option for medicinal chemists or chemical biologists.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Eudy JD, Yao S, Weston MD, Ma–Edmonds M, Talmadge CB, Cheng JJ, Kimberling WJ, Sumegi J (1998) Isolation of a gene encoding a novel member of the nuclear receptor superfamily from the critical region of Usher syndrome type IIa at 1q41. Genomics 50: 382–384

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hong H, Yang L, Stallcup MR (1999) Hormone-independent transcriptional activation and coactivator binding by novel orphan nuclear receptor ERR3. J Biol Chem 274: 22618–22626. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.32.22618

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Heard DJ, Norby PL, Holloway J, Vissing H (2000) Human ERR γ, a third member of the estrogen receptor-related receptor (ERR) subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors: tissue-specific isoforms are expressed during development and in the adult. Mol Endocrinol 14: 382–392. doi:10.1210/me.14.3.382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Alaynick WA, Kondo RP, Xie W, He W, Dufour CR, Downes M, Jonker JW, Giles W, Naviaux RK, Giguere V (2007) ERR γ directs and maintains the transition to oxidative metabolism in the postnatal heart. Cell Metab 6: 13–24. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.06.007

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ariazi EA, Clark GM, Mertz JE (2002) Estrogen-related receptor α and estrogen-related receptor γ associate with unfavorable and favorable biomarkers, respectively, in human breast cancer. Cancer Res 62: 6510–6518

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cheung CP, Yu S, Wong KB, Chan LW, Lai FM, Wang X, Suetsugi M, Chen S, Chan FL (2005) Expression and functional study of estrogen receptor-related receptors in human prostatic cells and tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 1830–1844. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-1421

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dufour CR, Wilson BJ, Huss JM, Kelly DP, Alaynick WA, Downes M, Evans RM, Blanchette M, Giguère V (2007) Genome-wide orchestration of cardiac functions by the orphan nuclear receptors ERR α and γ. Cell Metab 5: 345–356. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.03.007

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Huss JM, Kopp RP, Kelly DP (2002) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1α) coactivates the cardiac-enriched nuclear receptors estrogen-related receptor- α and - γ. Identification of novel leucinerich interaction motif within PGC-1 alpha. J Biol Chem 277: 40265–40274. doi:10.1074/jbc.M206324200

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yu S, Wang X, Ng C-F, Chen S, Chan FL (2007) ERR γ suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth of androgensensitive and androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cells and its implications as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Cancer Res 67: 4904–4914. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3855

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Horard B, Vanacker J-M (2003) Estrogen receptor-related receptors: orphan receptors desperately seeking a ligand. J Mol Endo 31: 349–357. doi:10.1677/jme.0.0310349

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Giguère V (2002) To ERR in the estrogen pathway. Trend Endocrinol Metab 13: 220–225. doi:10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00592-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Chao EYH, Collins JL, Gaillard S, Miller AB, Wang L, Orband-Miller LA, Nolte RT, McDonnell DP, Willson TM, Zuercher WJ (2006) Structure-guided synthesis of tamoxifen analogs with improved selectivity for the orphan ERRγ. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 16: 821–824. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.11.030

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kim Y, Koh M, Kim D-K, Choi H-S, Park SB (2009) Efficient discovery of selective small molecule agonists of estrogen-related receptor γ using combinatorial approach. J Comb Chem 11: 928–937. doi:10.1021/cc900081j

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Montfort RLM, Workman P (2009) Structure-based design of molecular cancer therapeutics. Trend Biotech 27: 315–328. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.02.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dailey MM, Hait C, Holt PA, Maguire JM, Meier JB, Miller MC, Petraccone L, Trent JO (2009) Structure-based drug design: From nucleic acid to membrane protein targets. Exp Mol Pathol 86: 141–150. doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2009.01.011

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Barker JJ (2006) Antibacterial drug discovery and structure-based design. Drug Discov Today 11: 391–404. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2006.03.001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Yu DD, Forman BM (2003) Simple and efficient production of (Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen, a potent estrogen receptor modulator. J Org Chem 68: 9489–9491. doi:10.1021/jo035164n

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Accelrys Software Inc. 10188 Telesis Court, Suite 100 San Diego, CA 92121, USA. http://accelrys.com

  19. Sambrook J, Russel DW (2001) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, vol 3, 3rd edn. CSHL Press, New York, pp 16.21–16.26

    Google Scholar 

  20. Greschik H, Flaig R, Renaud J-P, Moras D (2004) Structural basis for the deactivation of the estrogen-related receptor γ by diethylstilbestrol or 4-hydroxytamoxifen and determinants of selectivity. J Biol Chem 279: 33639–33646. doi:10.1074/jbc.M402195200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang L, Zuercher WJ, Consler TG, Lambert MH, Miller AB, Orband–Miller LA, McKee DD, Willson TM, Nolte RT (2006) X-ray crystal structures of the estrogen-related receptor- γ ligand binding domain in three functional states reveal the molecular basis of small molecule regulation. J Biol Chem 281: 37773–37781. doi:10.1074/jbc.M608410200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Jordan VC (1995) TAMOXIFEN: toxicities and drug resistance during the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 35: 195–211. doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.001211

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Katzenellenbogen BS, Norman MJ, Eckert RL, Peltz SW, Mangel WF (1984) Bioactivities, estrogen receptor interactions, and plasminogen activator-inducing activities of tamoxifen and hydroxytamoxifen isomers in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 44: 112–119

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Dugave C, Demange L (2003) Cis–Trans isomerization of organic molecules and biomolecules: implications and applications. Chem Rev 103: 2475–2532. doi:10.1021/cr0104375

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Crewe HK, Notley LM, Wunsch RM, Lennard MS, Gillam EJ (2002) Metabolism of tamoxifen by recombinant human cytochrome P450 enzymes: formation of the 4-hydroxy,4′-hydroxy and N-desmethyl metabolite and isomerization of trans-4-hydroxytamoxifen. Drug Metab Dispos 30: 869–874. doi:10.1124/dmd.30.8.869

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Zheng Y, Sun D, Sharma AK, Chen G, Amin S, Lazarus P (2007) Elimination of antiestrogenic effects of active tamoxifen metabolites by glucuronidation. Drug Metab Dispos 35: 1942–1948. doi:10.1124/dmd.107.016279

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Robertson DW, Katzenellenbogen JA, Logn DJ, Rorke EA, Katzenellenbogen BS (1982) Tamoxifen antiestrogens.A comparison of the activity, pharmacokinetics, and metabolic activation of the cis and trans isomers of tamoxifen. J Ster Biochem 16: 1–13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Brooks BR, Bruccoleri RE, Olafson BD, States DJ, Swaminathan S, Karplus M (1983) CHARMM: a program for macromolecular energy minimization and dynamics calculations. J Comput Chem 4: 187–217. doi:10.1002/jcc.540040211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Corey EJ, Fuchs PL (1972) A synthetic method for formyl → ethynyl conversion (RCHO → RC≡CH or RC≡CR′). Tetrahedron Lett 13: 3769–3772. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(01)94157-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Bauer A, Miller MW, Vice SF, McCombie SW (2001) Suzuki arylation of 1,1-dibromo-1-alkenes: synthesis of tetra-substituted alkenes. Synlett 2: 254–256. doi:10.1055/s-2001-10776

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Seung Bum Park.

Electronic Supplementary Material

The Below is the Electronic Supplementary Material.

ESM 1 (PDF 1570 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Koh, M., Park, S.B. Computer-aided design and synthesis of tetra-aryl-substituted alkenes and their bioevaluation as a selective modulator of estrogen-related receptor γ . Mol Divers 15, 69–81 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-010-9224-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-010-9224-y

Keywords

Navigation