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Table 2 Copenhagen accord pledges

From: Pledges for climate mitigation: the effects of the Copenhagen accord on CO2 emissions and mitigation costs

Region Reductions and actions Base year Implementation
Canada 17 %, to be aligned with the final economy-wide emission target of the United States in enacted legislation. 2005 Reduce CO2 emissions by 17 % by 2020 with 2005 as base year.
EU 20/30 %. As part of a global and comprehensive agreement for the period beyond 2012, provided other developed countries commit themselves to comparable emission reductions and that developing countries contribute adequately according to their responsibilities and capabilities. 1990 Reduce CO2 emissions by 30 % by 2020 with 1990 as base year. Participants in ETS reduce by 30 % by 2020 and other participants by 10 % by 2020. Relative to 2005, the EU reduced emissions by almost 25 % in 2020.
Japan 25 %, premised on the establishment of a fair and effective international framework in which all major economies participate and on agreement by those economies on ambitious targets. 1990 Reduce CO2 emissions by 25 % by 2020 with 1990 as base year. Compared to 2005, the reduction is almost 40 %.
Russian federation 15–25 % provided: 1990 Reduce CO2 emissions by 15 % by 2020 with 1990 as base year. Compared to 2005 level, Russia reduces the emission level by 22 % in 2020.
- Adequate provision for the potential of Russian forests in the context of their contribution to the fulfilment of emission reduction obligations
- The adoption by all major emitters of legally binding GHG emission reduction obligations.
USA In the range of 17 %, in conformity with anticipated US energy and climate legislation. 2005 Reduce CO2 emissions by 17 % by 2020 with 2005 as base year for all sectors. A 25 USD upper bound on quota price is implemented.
China China will endeavour to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40–45 % by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15 % by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels. 2005 Reduce the CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 40 % by 2020 compared to the 2005 level.
India 20–25 % reduction in emission intensity and a deviation from BAU of at least 7 %. 2005 Reduce the CO2 emission per unit of GDP by 20 % by 2020 compared to the 2005 level.
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