Skip to main content
Log in

Doomed to be Entrepreneurial: Institutional Transformation or Institutional Lock-Ins of ‘New’ Universities?

  • Published:
Minerva Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Universities worldwide are facing enormous strains as a result of increased external expectations where global visibility should be mixed with local and regional utility. In debates on the future of higher education, becoming an entrepreneurial university has been highlighted as a novel – although perhaps a more hybrid – way to deal with this challenge. However, while the label entrepreneurial points to an image of the university as a dynamic free agent shaped in the interplay between dynamic environments and internal flexibility, the current article takes a more critical view on the factors conditioning universities with the ambitions of becoming more entrepreneurial – particularly those of more recent age and less academic standing. For these institutions it is suggested that the university ideal of being entrepreneurial may lead to a situation of strategic inertia characterized by an institutionalized ‘lock-in’ with few alternative development paths.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amaral, Alberto, Lynn Meek, and Ingvild M. Larsen. 2003. The higher education managerial revolution? Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ben-David, Joseph. 1991. Universities and academic systems in modern societies. In Essays on the social organization and ethos of science ed. Gad Freudenthal. Berkeley: University of California Press.

  • Brint, Stephen. 2005. Creating the future: ‘New directions’ in American research universities. Minerva 43: 23–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonaccorsi, Andrea, Cinzia Daraio, and Aldo Geuna. 2010. Universities in the new knowledge landscape: Tensions, challenges, change—An introduction. Minerva 48(1): 1–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgelman, Robert A. 2002. Strategy as vector and the inertia of coevolutionary lock-in. Administrative Science Quarterly 47: 325–356.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cerych, Ladislav, and Paul Sabatier. 1986. Great expectations and mixed performance. The implementation of higher education reforms in Europe. Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, Burton R. 1972. The organizational saga in higher education. Administrative Science Quarterly 17: 178–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, Burton R. 1983. The higher education system. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, Burton R. 1998. Creating entrepreneurial universities: Organizational pathways of transformation. New York: International Association of Universities Press/Pergamon: Elsevier.

  • Clark, Burton R. 2004. Sustaining change in universities. Continuities in case studies and concepts. Berkshire: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Czarniawska, Barbara, and Rolf Wolff. 1998. Constructing new identities in established organizational fields. Young universities in old Europe. International Studies in Management and Organization 28: 32–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enders, Jürgen. 2004. Higher education, internationalization, and the nation-state: Recent developments and challenges to governance theory. Higher Education 47: 361–382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etzkowitz, Henry. 2003. Research groups as ‘quasi-firms’: The invention of the entrepreneurial university. Research Policy 32: 109–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etzkowitz, Henry, Andrew Webster, Christiane Gebhardt, and Branca R. Terra. 2000. The future of the university and the university of the future: Evolution of ivory tower to entrepreneurial paradigm. Research Policy 29: 313–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Etzkowitz, Henry, Marina Ranga, Mats Benner, Lucia Guaranys, Anne Marie Macukan, and Robert Kneller. 2008. Pathways to the entrepreneurial university: Towards a global convergence. Science and Public Policy 35: 681–695.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geiger, Roger. 2004. Knowledge and money: Research universities and the paradox of the marketplace. Stanford: Standford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbons, Michael, et al. 1994. The new production of knowledge. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halffman, Willem, and Loet Leydesdorff. 2010. Is inequality among universities increasing? Gini coefficients and the elusive rise of elite universities. Minerva 48(1): 55–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hermanowicz, Joseph C. 2009. Lives in science: How institutions affect academic careers. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Huisman, Jeroen, Jorunn D. Norgård, Jørgen G. Rasmussen, and Bjørn Stensaker. 2002. ‘Alternative’ universities revisited—A study of the distinctiveness in universities established in the spirit of 1968. Tertiary Education and Management 8: 315–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jarzabkowski, Paula. 2005. Strategy as practice. An activity-based approach. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jessop, Bob. 2001. The future of the capitalist state. Cambridge: Polity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, Clark. 2001. The uses of the university, 5th ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kyvik, Svein. 2009. The dynamics of change in higher education. Expansion and contraction in an organisational field. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Labianca, Guiseppe, James F. Fairbank, James B. Thomas, and Dennis Gioia. 2001. Emulation in academia: Balancing structure and identity. Organization Science 12: 312–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lamont, Michele. 2009. How professors think. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leibfried, Stephan. 2009. Die Exzellenzinitiative. Zwischenbilanz und Perspektiven. Frankfurt: Campus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maassen, Peter, and Johan P. Olsen. 2007. University dynamics and European integration. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • March, James G., and Johan P. Olsen. 1976. Ambiguity and Choice in organizations. Bergen: Universitetsforlaget.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, Ben. 2012. Are universities and university research under threat? Towards an evolutionary model of university speciation. Cambridge Journal of Economics 36: 543–565.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, Ben, and Henry Etzkowitz. 2001. The origin and evolution of the university species. Journal for Science and Technology Studies. 13: 9–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Musselin, Christine. 2005. Change and continuity in higher education governance? Lessons drawn from twenty years of national reforms in European countries. In Governing knowledge, eds. Ivar Bleiklie, and Mary Henkel, 65–80. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • O′Shea, Rory, Thomas Allen, Kenneth Morse, Colm O′Gorman, and Frank Roche. 2007. Delineating the anatomy of an entrepreneurial university: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology experience. R&D Management 37: 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Power, Michael. 2007. Organized uncertainty: Designing a world of risk management. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritzen, Jo. 2010. A chance for European universities. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robbins, Keith. 2003. Universities: Past, present, and future. Minerva 41: 397–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuetze, Hans Georg. 2007. Research universities and the spectre of academic capitalism. Minerva 45: 435–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thelen, Kathleen. 2000. Timing and tempority in the analysis of institutional evolution and change. Studies in American Political Development 14: 101–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira, Pedro, Ben Jongbloed, David D. Dill, and Alberto Amaral. 2004. Markets in higher education. Rhetoric or reality? Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.

  • Tuchman, Gaye. 2009. Wannabe U: Inside the corporate university. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wildavsky, Ben. 2010. How global universities are reshaping the world. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitley, Richard. 2008. Constructing universities as strategic actors: Limitations and variations. In The university in the market, eds. Lars Engwall, and Denis Weaire, 23–37. Cochester: Portland Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bjørn Stensaker.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stensaker, B., Benner, M. Doomed to be Entrepreneurial: Institutional Transformation or Institutional Lock-Ins of ‘New’ Universities?. Minerva 51, 399–416 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-013-9238-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11024-013-9238-6

Keywords

Navigation