Skip to main content
Log in

Model of Viscosity Measurements by Noncontact Aerohydrodynamic Method

  • Published:
Measurement Techniques Aims and scope

A brief review of noncontact methods for measuring the viscosity of liquids is given. It is shown that it is advisable to use the pulsed aerohydrodynamic method for high viscosity measurements (more than 10 Pa·s). The essence of the method is described; it consists in deforming the tested liquid surface by a gas jet and determining the viscosity by the time it takes to reach a certain deformation degree from the moment when the jet is applied. Two models and two functions for measuring viscosity by the pulsed aerohydrodynamic method were obtained theoretically, and the lower limit of viscosity measurements was theoretically assessed. Two models for measuring viscosity were experimentally studied at aerodynamic action angles of 20° and 50° with the compensation of transient process at the moment of solenoid valve opening and without it. It has been established that to determine the viscosity by the time it takes to reach a certain degree of liquid surface deformation, it is advisable to use a linear measurement function, not to compensate for the transient process in the pneumatic system, and to use the aerodynamic action at an angle of 20–30° to the liquid surface. It has been experimentally proved that the relative error of viscosity measurements is not more than 3% in the range of 0.5–100 Pa·s. The results are useful for increasing the efficiency of measuring the viscosity of liquids in mechanical engineering, paint and varnish, food, chemical, electrical, and oil industries.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. V. Domostroev, A. A. Dem'yanov, O. V. Klim, and D. A. Yudchenko, Comparative studies of continuous vibrational petroleum viscosimeters, Meas. Tech., 56, No. 3, 337–343 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. B. A. Solomin, A. A. Chertoriiskii, M. L. Kontorovich, and A. M. Nizametdinov, A hardware-software system for the operational investigation of the thermal properties of a liquid, Meas. Tech., 57, No. 3, 312–317 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Chaudhary, P. Munjal, and K. P. Singh, Universal Stokes's nanomechanical viscometer, Sci. Rep., 11, No. 1, Article ID 14365 (2021).

  4. R. B. Banks and D. V. Chandrasekhara, Experimental investigation of the penetration of a high-velocity gas jet through a liquid surface, J. Fluid Mech., 15, No. 1, 13–34 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. P. Savenkov and V. A. Sychev, Analysis of the response of a liquid surface to the pulse action of an inclined gas jet at low Reynolds number, Tech. Phys., 92, No. 2, 171–178 (2022).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. A. P. Savenkov, M. M. Mordasov, and V. A. Sychev, Contactless pneumoelectric fl uid viscosity measurement device, Meas. Tech., 63, No. 9, 722–728 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. D. M. Herlach, R. F. Cochrane, I. Egry, et al., Containerless processing in the study of metallic melts and their solidifi cation, Int. Mater. Rev., 38, No. 6, 273–347 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. L. H. Li, L. Hu, S. J. Yang, et al., Thermodynamic properties and solidifi cation kinetics of intermetallic Ni7Zr2 alloy investigated by electrostatic levitation technique and theoretical calculations, J. Appl. Phys., 119, No. 3, Article ID 035902 (2016).

  9. S. Xue, W. Dong, D. Chen, et al., Analysis of electrostatic levitation control system and oscillation method for material properties measurement, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 92, No. 6, Article ID 065111 (2021).

  10. M. Beckers, M. Engelhardt, and S. Schneider, Contactless measurement of temperature-dependent viscosity and surface tension of liquid Al69.1Cu12.8Ag18.1 eutectic alloy under microgravity conditions using the oscillating-drop-method, High Temp. — High Press., 50, No. 3, 167–184 (2021).

  11. D. Langstaff , M. Gunn, G. N. Greaves, et al., Aerodynamic levitator furnace for measuring thermophysical properties of refractory liquids, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 84, No. 12, Article ID 124901 (2013).

  12. J. Kremer, A. Kilzer, and M. Petermann, Simultaneous measurement of surface tension and viscosity using freely decaying oscillations of acoustically levitated droplets, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 89, No. 1, Article ID 015109 (2018).

  13. C. H. Sohl, K. Miyano, and J. B. Ketterson, Novel technique for dynamic surface tension and viscosity measurements at liquid-gas interfaces, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 49, No. 10, 1464–1469 (1978).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Behroozi, J. Smith, and W. Even, Stokes' dream: Measurement of fl uid viscosity from the attenuation of capillary waves, Am. J. Phys., 78, No. 11, 1165–1169 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. T. M. Koller, M. Kerscher, and A. P. Fröba, Accurate determination of viscosity and surface tension by surface light scattering in the presence of a contribution from the rotational fl ow in the bulk of the fl uid, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 626, 899–915 (2022).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Y. Nishimura, A. Hasegawa, and Y. Nagasaka, High-precision instrument for measuring the surface tension, viscosity and surface viscoelasticity of liquids using ripplon surface laser-light scattering with tunable wavelength selection, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 85, No. 4, Article ID 044904 (2014).

  17. M. Eguchi, Y. Taguchi, and Y. Nagasaka, Noncontact optical hand-held viscosity sensor with incident angle and irradiation timing controls, Opt. Express, 26, No. 26, 34070–34080 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. M. A. Taylor, A. W. Kijas, Z. Wang, et al., Heterodyne Brillouin microscopy for biomechanical imaging, Biomed. Opt. Express, 12, No. 10, 6259–6268 (2021).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. D. D. Postnov, F. Moller, and O. Sosnovtseva, Dairy products viscosity estimated by laser speckle correlation, PLoS one, 13, No. 9, Article ID e0203141 (2018).

  20. J. Chan, A. Raghunath, K. E. Michaelsen, and S. Gollakota, Testing a drop of liquid using smartphone LiDAR, Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol., 6, No. 1, 1–27 (2022).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. G. Verma, G. Yadav, C. S. Saraj, et al., A versatile interferometric technique for probing the thermophysical properties of complex fl uids, Light: Sci. Appl., 11, No. 1, 115 (2022).

  22. Y. Yoshitake, S. Mitani, K. Sakai, and K. Takagi, Measurement of high viscosity with laser induced surface deformation technique, J. Appl. Phys., 97, No. 2, Article ID 024901 (2005).

  23. Y. Shimokawa and K. Sakai, Noncontact measurement of liquid-surface properties with knife-edge electric fi eld tweezers technique, Phys. Rev. E, 87, No. 6, Article ID 063009 (2013).

  24. V. I. Galizdra and M. M. Mordasov, Two-phase system “gas jet–liquid” in liquid media viscosity measurements, Vestn. TGTU, 5, No. 2, 218–227 (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  25. N. M. Grebennikova and M. M. Mordasov, Pneumatic method for controlling the viscosity of liquids, Vestn. TGTU, 11, No. 1A, 81–87 (2005).

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. M. M. Mordasov, A. P. Savenkov, M. E. Safonova, and V. A. Sychev, Noncontact triangulation measurement of distances to mirror surfaces, Optoelectron. Instrum. Data Proc., 54, No. 1, 69–75 (2018).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. S. V. Mishchenko, M. M. Mordasov, A. P. Savenkov, et al., Determination of the sensitivity of a contactless device for measuring viscosity to infl uencing quantities by measurement model, Adv. Mater. Technol., No. 3 (15), 50–55 (2019).

  28. S. V. Mishchenko, M. M. Mordasov, A. P. Savenkov, and V. A. Sychev, Analysis of the infl uence of sizes of a vessel with a liquid on the readings of Brookfi eld viscometer, Meas. Tech., 63, No. 4, 288–294 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. P. Savenkov.

Additional information

Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 57–64, November, 2022.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Savenkov, A.P., Sychev, V.A. Model of Viscosity Measurements by Noncontact Aerohydrodynamic Method. Meas Tech 65, 848–857 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-023-02160-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-023-02160-6

Keywords

Navigation