The paper describes the current state of the standards base used in the Russian Federation in the field of length and angle measurements. The description and main metrological characteristics of GET 2-2021 State Primary Standard of the Unit of Length — the Meter and GET 22-2014 State Primary Plane Angle Standard are provided. The authors cover the capabilities of the D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) for conducting calibration, type approval tests, verification, and certification of modern high-precision length and plane angle measuring instruments, whose operating principle relies on the use of stabilized laser sources. GET 2-2021 enables the transfer of the length unit to laser sources within the wavelength range of 500–1050 nm by means of an equipment set comprising an optical frequency comb and a hydrogen frequency standard, as well as to laser measurement systems within the range of 1∙10−9–30 m using laser interference comparators. GET 22-2014 provides the transfer of the plane angle unit to laser measurement systems within the range of 0–360° using a rotary table and digital autocollimators. The paper grounds the necessity of the traceability of laser sources and laser measurement systems to state primary standards while considering further prospects for the development of the measurement standards base in the field of length and angle measurements.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
VNIIM. GET 2-2021, available at: https://www.vniim.ru/get2.html (accessed: 06/21/2022).
VNIIM. GET 22-2014, available at: https://www.vniim.ru/get22.html (accessed: 06/21/2022).
Rosstandart Order No. 2840 (as of 12/29/2018) "On approval of the State Hierarchy Scheme for Instruments Measuring Lengths from 1·10−9 to 100 m and Wavelengths from 0.2 to 50 μm."
References
Recommended Values of Standard Frequencies for Applications Including the Practical Realization of the Metre and Secondary Representations of the Second (2016), available at: https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/mises-en-pratique/standard-frequencies (accessed: 04/05/2022).
V. S. Aleksandrov, Yu. G. Zackharenko, N. A. Kononova, G. I. Leibengardt, V. L. Fedorin, and K. V. Chekirda, "GET 2-2010 State Primary Standard of the Unit of Length — the Meter," Izmer. Tekh., No. 6, 3–7 (2012).
N. A. Kononova, Yu. G. Zackharenko, V. L. Fedorin, and Z. V. Fomkina, in: 2018 Int. Conf. on Laser Optics (ICLO), p. 371, https://doi.org/10.1109/LO.2018.8435561.
Yu. G. Zackharenko, N. A. Kononova, V. L. Fedorin, Z. V. Fomkina, and K. V. Chekirda, Outlook for the Development of the Standards Base of the Russian Federation in the Field of Measurements of Length," Izmer. Tekh., No. 2, 3–5 (2020), https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-2-3-5.
T. P. Akimova, Yu. G. Zackharenko, N. A. Kononova, V. L. Fedorin, Z. V. Fomkina, and K. V. Chekirda, "GET 2-2021 State Primary Standard of the Unit of Length – the Meter," Izmer. Tekh., No. 10, 3–7 (2021), https://doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-10-3-7.
V. I. Denisov, S. M. Ignatovich, N. L. Kvashnin, M. N. Skvortsov, and S. A. Farnosov, "Precise modulation of laser radiation by an acousto-optic modulator for stabilisation of the Nd:YAG laser on optical resonances in molecular iodine," Kvant. Élektron., 46, No. 5, 464–467 (2016).
M. N. Skvortsov, M. V. Okhapkin, A. Yu. Nevskii, and S. N. Bagaev, "Optical frequency standard based on a Nd:YAG laser stabilized by saturated absorption resonances in molecular iodine using second-harmonic radiation," Kvant. Élektron., 34, No. 12, 1101–1106 (2004), https://doi.org/10.1070/QE2004v034n12ABEH002851.
P. Jungner, M. D. Eickhoff, St. D. Swartz, Ye Jun, J. L. Hall, and St. B. Waltman, Proc. SPIE, 2378, 22–34 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.208229.
R. Holzwarth, A. Yu. Nevsky, M. Zimmermann, Th. Udem, T. W. Hansch, J. Von Zanthier, H. Walther, J. C. Knight, W. J. Wadsworth, P. St. J. Russell, M. N. Skvortsov, and S. N. Bagayev, Appl. Phys. B, 73, 269–271 (2001), https://doi.org/10.1007/s003400100633.
S. M. Ignatovich, N. L. Kvashnin, and M. N. Skvortsov, "Frequency shift of an optical frequency standard as a function of probe modulation of the radiation frequency, pressure, and gas temperature in an absorbing cell," Kvant. Élektron., 48, No. 10, 973–976 (2018).
J. L. Hall, "Defining and Measuring Optical Frequencies: The Optical Clock Opportunity — and More" [Russian translation], Usp. Fiz. Nauk, 176, No. 12, 1353–1367 (2006), https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNr.0176.200612i.1353.
Th. W. Hänsch, "Passion for precision," [Russian translation], Usp. Fiz. Nauk, 176, No. 12, 1368–1380 (2006), https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNr.0176.200612j.1368.
J. Ye, H. Schnatz, and L. W. Hollberg, J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 9, No. 4, 1041–1058 (2003), https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTQE.2003.819109.
K. V. Chekirda, M. A. Kos'mina, G. I. Leibengardt, V. L. Shur, and A. Ya. Lukin, "Improvement of the state primary plane angle standard," in: Proc. SUDOMETRIKA-2014: Measurements and Tests in Shipbuilding and Related Industries (2014), pp. 157–159.
K. V. Chekirda, V. L. Shur, and A. Ya. Lukin, "Study of the new state primary plane angle standard," in: Proc. 8th Int. Symp.: Metrology of Time and Space (2016), pp. 182–184.
Yu. G. Zackharenko, N. A. Kononova, Z. V. Fomkina, K. V. Chekirda, and A. Ya. Lukin, "Development of application software for high-precision hardware used for the realization and transfer of the length unit," Pribory, No. 12 (222), 42–47 (2018).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 7, pp. 18–23, July 2022.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zackharenko, Y.G., Kononova, N.A., Kosmina, M.A. et al. Current State of the Standards Base Used in the Russian Federation in the Field of Length and Angle Measurements. Meas Tech 65, 482–486 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-023-02116-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11018-023-02116-w