Abstract
Understanding that the conceptualization and manifestation of depression vary across cultures, in a preliminary study, Koh and colleagues (2002) identified a cultural model and a prototype measure of depression for Asian children. The present study sought to provide further examination of the initially identified conceptualization, manifestation, and measurement of depression in Asian children. Involving a community sample of 442 Singaporean Chinese children (6 to 12 years old), a culturally salient factor, Negative Social Self, was established to constitute part of depression, in addition to three universally recognized factors: Negative Affect and Cognitive Dysfunction, Loss of Interest, and Psychosomatic Manifestations. The Asian Children Depression Scale (ACDS) and Negative Social Self (NSS) were found to be positively related to hopelessness and negatively related to self-esteem, subjective well-being, and control-related beliefs, establishing support for convergent validity. Notably, NSS was found to account for significant incremental validity over that of the universally recognized factors in predicting most of the above-mentioned variables, supporting its added value as a factor of depression in Asian children. The results suggested that the ACDS and the culturally salient dimension reflect the phenomenological experiences and manifestations of depression in Asian children.
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Acknowledgments
This article constitutes part of a master’s thesis by Jessie B. K. Koh, supervised by Weining C. Chang at the National University of Singapore. Preparation of the manuscript was partially supported by research grant R-107-000-038-112 given to Weining C. Chang by the University Research Council of the National University of Singapore.
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Koh, J.B.K., Chang, W.C., Fung, D.S.S. et al. Conceptualization And Manifestation Of Depression In An Asian Context: Formal Construction And Validation Of A Children’S Depression Scale In Singapore. Cult Med Psychiatry 31, 225–249 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-007-9048-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11013-007-9048-0