Abstract
Cerebrovascular lesions, a potent stimulus for endothelial cell activation, trigger cognitive and degenerative changes and contribute to pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Circulating microparticles (MPs) are actively involved in the pathogenesis of AD and cerebrovascular diseases, which share common vascular risk factors. We examined the plasma changes of endothelial MPs (EMPs) and platelet MPs (PMPs) in AD patients with vascular risk factors. The plasma Annexin V+ CD 41a− CD144+ EMPs and Annexin V+ CD41a+ CD144− PMPs of 37 patients with AD, with or without vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, coronary artery disease, and smoking), and 10 age-matched controls were quantified by flow cytometry. Pearson correlation analysis used to evaluate the linear relationship between variables. Significantly higher plasma levels of EMPs were observed in AD patients with vascular risk factors as compared to the patients without vascular risk factors [Mean Difference (MD): 2587.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 770.30-4404.80], and control subjects (MD: 4990.60, 95% CI, 3054.40-6926.79). Significant correlations were found between circulating EMPs, total MPs, and PMPs. There were no significant correlations between plasma levels of EMPs/ PMPs, and cognitive decline indices. Circulating EMP levels are influenced by AD disease status, and plasma levels of MPs and PMPs are associated with vascular risk factors in patients with AD. EMP phenotyping, as cellular biomarkers of vascular injury/dysfunction, and their effects on cerebral perfusion, and cognitive decline should be further investigated.
Vascular endothelial cell activation results in release of endothelial-derived microparticles (EMPs), which contributing to vascular dysfunction and cognitive decline.
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This work was supported by Research Affairs Division, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and grant number 16501.
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M. Noroozian, is responsible for the study concept and design, patient selection, and edition of written manuscript. S. Hosseinzadeh, have contributed to the study design, acquisition, analysis and interpretation of flow cytometry data, drafted the manuscript. E. Mortaz, performed the flow cytometry analysis and interpretation of findings, and K. Mousavizadeh edited the manuscript. All authors critically reviewed content and approved final version for publication.
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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Hosseinzadeh, S., Noroozian, M., Mortaz, E. et al. Plasma microparticles in Alzheimer’s disease: The role of vascular dysfunction. Metab Brain Dis 33, 293–299 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0149-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-0149-3