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Processing body (P-body) and its mediators in cancer

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Abstract

In recent years, processing bodies (P-bodies) formed by liquid–liquid phase separation, have attracted growing scientific attention due to their involvement in numerous cellular activities, including the regulation of mRNAs decay or storage. These cytoplasmic dynamic membraneless granules contain mRNA storage and decay components such as deadenylase and decapping factors. In addition, different mRNA metabolic regulators, including m6A readers and gene-mediated miRNA-silencing, are also associated with such P-bodies. Cancerous cells may profit from these mRNA decay shredders by up-regulating the expression level of oncogenes and down-regulating tumor suppressor genes. The main challenges of cancer treatment are drug resistance, metastasis, and cancer relapse likely associated with cancer stem cells, heterogeneity, and plasticity features of different tumors. The mRNA metabolic regulators based on P-bodies play a great role in cancer development and progression. The dysregulation of P-bodies mediators affects mRNA metabolism. However, less is known about the relationship between P-bodies mediators and cancerous behavior. The current review summarizes the recent studies on P-bodies mediators, their contribution to tumor development, and their potential in the clinical setting, particularly highlighting the P-bodies as potential drug-carriers such as exosomes to anticancer in the future.

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Abbreviations

AGO:

Argonaute

BRF1:

TFIIB-related factor 1

CPEB:

Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binging protein

CSC:

Cancer stem cell

DCP:

Decapping enzyme

Edc3:

Enhancer of mRNA-decapping protein 3

elF3:

Eukaryotic initiation factor 3

EMT:

Epithelial-mesenchyme transition

FTO:

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein

HCC:

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Lsm1:

U6 snRNA-associated Sm-like protein LSm1

LLPS:

Liquid–liquid phase separation

m6A:

RNA N6-methyladenosine

m7G:

7-Methylguanosine cap

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cell

NMD:

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay

PABP:

Poly(A)-binding protein

P-bodies:

Processing bodies

RNP:

Ribonucleoprotein

Sbp1:

Single-stranded nucleic acid- binding protein

TTP:

Tristetraprolin protein

Upf:

Up-frameshift

UTR:

Untranslated region

WTAP:

Wilms tumor 1-associated protein

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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31371386 SP.J).

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  1. Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China

    Bernard Nsengimana, Faiz Ali Khan, Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi, Yu Jin, Yuting Jia, Wenqiang Wei & Shaoping Ji

  2. Department of Oncology, Dongtai Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Dongtai, 224200, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

    Xuefeng Zhou

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  1. Bernard Nsengimana
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BN collected the data, and prepared the manuscript. WW conceived and supervised the review. BN, FAK, EEN, YJ, YJ, and XZ organized the manuscript. SJ revised this review. All authors read and approve the final manuscript.

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Nsengimana, B., Khan, F.A., Ngowi, E.E. et al. Processing body (P-body) and its mediators in cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 477, 1217–1238 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-022-04359-7

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