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Implications for MicroRNA involvement in the prognosis and treatment of atherosclerosis

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important molecules which implicated in various processes, such as differentiation, development, cell survival, cell apoptosis and also cell metabolism. Investigations over decades have revealed that various genes and signaling pathways are implicated in beginning and development of atherosclerosis, several miRNAs being involved in these dysregulated genes and pathways. miRNAs have provided new molecular vision in the context of atherosclerosis. miRNAs are considered as important regulators of cellular migration, differentiation, proliferation, lipid uptake and efflux, as well as cytokine production. Application of miRNAs as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and even therapy is quiet exciting. Although animal researches showed promising results, still some practical difficulties and technical challenges need to be addressed before translation from researches into clinical practices. In this review, we present important data about three critical cells endothelial cell (EC), vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), and monocyte/macrophage and regulation of these cells through miRNAs. Furthermore, we discuss about the potential of miRNAs as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic opportunities and challenges, and also future perspective.

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Availability of data and material

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

miRNAs:

MicroRNAs

EC:

Endothelial cell

VSMC:

Vascular smooth muscle cell

SMC:

Smooth muscle cell

ICAM:

Intracellular adhesion molecule

VCAM:

Vascular adhesion molecule

eNOS:

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Dlk1:

Notch1 inhibitor delta-like 1 homolog

PI3K:

Phosphatidylinositol kinase

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol

HBP1:

HMG box-transcriptional protein 1

MIF:

Macrophage inhibitory factor

BCL6:

B cell lymphoma 6

SHIP-1:

Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase-1

SOCS1:

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1

apoE:

Apolipoprotein E

KLF2:

Krüppel-like factor 2

PDCD4:

Programmed cell death 4

ACE:

Angiotensin converting enzyme

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

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The authors are grateful of Deputy of Research from Neyshabur University of Medical Science.

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  1. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

    Samira Tabaei

  2. Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

    Seyyedeh Samaneh Tabaee

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

    Seyyedeh Samaneh Tabaee

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Tabaei, S., Tabaee, S.S. Implications for MicroRNA involvement in the prognosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 476, 1327–1336 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-020-03992-4

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