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Ectopic expression of 35 kDa and knocking down of 78 kDa SG2NAs induce cytoskeletal reorganization, alter membrane sialylation, and modulate the markers of EMT

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Abstract

SG2NA is a protein of the striatin family that organizes STRIPAK complexes. It has splice variants expressing differentially in tissues. Its 78 kDa isoform regulates cell cycle, maintains homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum, and prevents oxidative injuries. The 35 kDa variant is devoid of the signature WD-40 repeats in the carboxy terminal, and its function is unknown. We expressed it in NIH 3T3 cells that otherwise express 78 kDa variant only. These cells (35 EE) have altered morphology, faster rate of migration, and enhanced growth as measured by the MTT assay. Similar phenotypes were also seen in cells where the endogenous 78 kDa isoform was downregulated by siRNA (78 KD). Proteomic analyses showed that several cancer-associated proteins are modulated in both 35 EE and 78 KD cells. The 35 EE cells have diffused actin fibers, distinctive ultrastructure, reduced sialylation, and increased expression of MMP2 & 9. The 78 KD cells also had diffused actin fibers and an upregulated expression of MMP2. In both cells, markers epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) viz, E- & N-cadherins, β-catenin, slug, vimentin, and ZO-1 were modulated partially in tune with the EMT process. Since NIH 3T3 cells are mesenchymal, we also expressed 35 kDa SG2NA in MCF-7 cells of epithelial origin. In these cells (MCF-7-35), the actin fibers were also diffused and the modulation of the markers was more in tune with the EMT process. However, unlike in 35 EE cells, in MCF-7-35 cells, membrane sialylation rather increased. We infer that ectopic expression of 35 kDa and downregulation of 78 kDa SG2NAs partially induce transformed phenotypes.

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Abbreviations

EMT:

Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

ERM:

Ezrin, Radixin and Moesin

STRIPAK:

Striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase

MST:

Mammalian STE20 like protein kinases

MEK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MOB:

Mps One Binder

YAP:

Yes-associated protein

ZO-1:

Zona occludens-1

JNK:

C-Jun N-terminal Kinase

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

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Acknowledgements

The authors thankfully acknowledge funding support from the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India [BT/PR22963/MED/122/76/2017] awarded to SKG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Richa Gupta & Shyamal K. Goswami

  2. Peptide and Proteomics Division, Defense Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO, Delhi, 110054, India

    Gaurav Kumar

  3. Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, 845401, Bihar, India

    Buddhi Prakash Jain

  4. Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Sunandini Chandra

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  1. Richa Gupta
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RG contributed to the Figs. 1–7 and suppl. Figure 1S, 2S, 3S; GK contributed to Bioinformatic analysis and suppl. Table 1S, 3S; BPJ contributed to suppl. Table 2S; SC contributed to Fig. 2 and SKG wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shyamal K. Goswami.

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Gupta, R., Kumar, G., Jain, B.P. et al. Ectopic expression of 35 kDa and knocking down of 78 kDa SG2NAs induce cytoskeletal reorganization, alter membrane sialylation, and modulate the markers of EMT. Mol Cell Biochem 476, 633–648 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-020-03932-2

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