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Examination of CK2α and NF-κB p65 expression in human benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissues

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Abstract

Protein kinase CK2 plays a critical role in cell growth, proliferation, and suppression of cell death. CK2 is overexpressed, especially in the nuclear compartment, in the majority of cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). CK2-mediated activation of transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 is a key step in cellular proliferation, resulting in translocation of NF-κB p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. As CK2 expression and activity are also elevated in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), we sought to increase the knowledge of CK2 function in benign and malignant prostate by examination of the relationships between nuclear CK2 and nuclear NF-κB p65 protein expression. The expression level and localization of CK2α and NF-κB p65 proteins in PCa and BPH tissue specimens was determined. Nuclear CK2α and NF-κB p65 protein levels are significantly higher in PCa compared with BPH, and these proteins are positively correlated with each other in both diseases. Nuclear NF-κB p65 levels correlated with Ki-67 or with cytoplasmic NF-κB p65 expression in BPH, but not in PCa. The findings provide information that combined analysis of CK2α and NF-κB p65 expression in prostate specimens relates to the disease status. Increased nuclear NF-κB p65 expression levels in PCa specifically related to nuclear CK2α levels, indicating a possible CK2-dependent relationship in malignancy. In contrast, nuclear NF-κB p65 protein levels related to both Ki-67 and cytoplasmic NF-κB p65 levels exclusively in BPH, suggesting a potential separate impact for NF-κB p65 function in proliferation for benign disease as opposed to malignant disease.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by United States Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Review Program Grant numbers I01BX001731 and I01BX003282, and by National Cancer Institute Grant number R01CA150182 (KA). National University of Sciences and Technology provided financial support under the Mega S&T scholarship fund for this work (FQ and SS). Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi, provided technical assistance in the conduct of this work. The results shown here are in part based upon data generated by the TCGA Research Network: http://cancergenome.nih.gov/.

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  1. Abdul Khaliq Naveed

    Present address: Al-Mizan Campus, Riphah International University, 274 Peshawar Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Fatima Qaiser, Sarah Sadiq & Abdul Khaliq Naveed

  2. Department of Veterans Affairs, Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry Research Laboratory (151) Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA

    Janeen H. Trembley, Thomas S. Rector & Khalil Ahmed

  3. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Janeen H. Trembley & Khalil Ahmed

  4. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Janeen H. Trembley & Khalil Ahmed

  5. Department of Histopathology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Iqbal Muhammad & Rubina Younis

  6. Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Shoaib Naiyar Hashmi

  7. Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Badar Murtaza

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  1. Fatima Qaiser
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Correspondence to Khalil Ahmed.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Fatima Qaiser and Janeen H. Trembley contributed equally.

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Qaiser, F., Trembley, J.H., Sadiq, S. et al. Examination of CK2α and NF-κB p65 expression in human benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer tissues. Mol Cell Biochem 420, 43–51 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-016-2765-3

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