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Different susceptibility of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to oxidative stress following chronic social isolation stress

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Abstract

Chronic oxidative stress plays an important role in depression. The aim of present study was to examine the stress-induced changes in serum corticosterone (CORT) levels, cytosolic protein carbonyl groups, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the prefrontal cortex versus hippocampus of male Wistar rats exposed to acute (2 h of immobilization or cold), chronic (21d of social isolation) stress, and their combination (chronic + acute stress). The subcellular distribution of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and cytosolic cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein expressions were also examined. Depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed via the forced swim, sucrose preference, and marble burying tests in chronically isolated rats. Although both acute stressors resulted in elevated CORT, increased MDA in the prefrontal cortex and NF-κB activation accompanied by increased NO in the hippocampus were detected only following acute cold stress. Chronic isolation resulted in no change in CORT levels, but disabled appropriate response to novel acute stress and led to depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors. Increased oxidative/nitrosative stress markers, likely by NF-κB nuclear translocation and concomitant COX-2 upregulation, associated with decreased SOD activity and GSH levels, suggested the existence of oxidative stress in the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, hippocampus was less susceptible to oxidative damage showing only increase in protein carbonyl groups and depleted GSH. Taken together, the prefrontal cortex seems to be more sensitive to oxidative stress than the hippocampus following chronic isolation stress, which may be relevant for further research related to stress-induced depressive-like behavior.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Ministry of Sciences of the Republic of Serbia, Grant 173044.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 522-090, 11001, Belgrade, Serbia

    Jelena Zlatković, Nevena Todorović, Maja Bošković, Snežana B. Pajović, Miroslav Demajo & Dragana Filipović

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  1. Jelena Zlatković
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  2. Nevena Todorović
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  3. Maja Bošković
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  4. Snežana B. Pajović
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  5. Miroslav Demajo
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  6. Dragana Filipović
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dragana Filipović.

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Zlatkovic Jelena and Todorovic Nevena have contributed equally to this work

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Zlatković, J., Todorović, N., Bošković, M. et al. Different susceptibility of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to oxidative stress following chronic social isolation stress. Mol Cell Biochem 393, 43–57 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-014-2045-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-014-2045-z

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